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Mariam Anatomy Year 2 > MSK Upper Limb 1 > Flashcards

MSK Upper Limb 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the borders of the axilla

A

Ant:

Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Minor

Post

Terest Major

Latismuss Dorsi

Subscapularis

Medial

Chest wall & seratus anterior

Lateral

Intratubercle groove of humerus

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2
Q

Contents of the axilla

A

Axillary artery

Axillary Vein

Brachial Plexus

Axillary Lymph nodes

Coracobrachialis

Short head of biceps brachii

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3
Q

The Axillary Artery is a continuation of which Artery?

A

The Subclavian Artery

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4
Q

At what anatomical point does the Axillary Artery begin?

A

Lateral Border of the 1st Rib

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5
Q

The Axillary Artery continues beyond the Axilla as which Vessel?

A

The Brachial Artery

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6
Q

At what anatomical point does the Brachial Artery begin?

A

Inferior Border of Teres Major

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7
Q
  1. What Rami forms the Brachial Plexus?
  2. What Spinal Levels do these Rami come from?
A
  1. Ventral Rami
  2. C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1
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8
Q

What nerve roots form the Upper Trunk?

A

C5 & C6

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9
Q

What is Erb’s Point?

A

The point where C5 and C6 converge to form the Upper Trunk

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10
Q

What nerve roots form the Lower Trunk?

A

C8 T1

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11
Q

What nerve roots form the MiddleTrunk?

A

C7

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12
Q

What nerve(s) are formed by the posterior cord

A

Radial

Axillary

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13
Q

What nerve(s) are formed by the medial cord

A

Ulnar nerve

Medial side of median nerve

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14
Q

What nerve(s) are formed by the lateral cord

A

Musculocutaneous

Lateral side of median nerve

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

State the superficial veins of the arm

A

Cephalic

Basilic

Medial Cubital

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17
Q

State dermatomes of upper limb

A

C5-T1

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18
Q

State the axillary lymp nodes

A

Anterior

Posterior

Apex

Central

Lateral

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19
Q

What bones make up the pelvic girdle

A

Scapula

Clavicle

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20
Q

What joints make up the pelvic girdle

A

Acromioclavicular joint

Sternoclavicular joint

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21
Q

Label the clavicle

A
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22
Q

How to distinguish the sides of the clavicle

A
  1. The lateral aspect of a clavicle is flatter than the medial aspect
  2. The superior surface is smoother than the inferior surface
  3. The conoid tubercle – attachment for the conoid ligament – is on the inferior aspect of the lateral portion of the clavicle
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23
Q

Which part of the clavicle is weakest and commonly breaks (fractures) during a fall?

A

Between middle and most lateral thirds of the clavicle (mainly middle 1/3)

Thin and lacks muscle support

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24
Q

Label the Scapula

A
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25
Q

State Muscles involved in Scapular elevation

A

Trapezius (Sup fibres)

Levator Scapulae

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26
Q

State Muscles involved in Scapular Depression

A

Trapezius (inf fibres)

Latismuss Dorsi

Pectoralis Minor

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27
Q

State Muscles involved in Scapular Protraction

A

Seratus Anterior

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28
Q

State Muscles involved in Scapular Retreaction

A

Trapezius

Rhomboids Major and Minor

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29
Q

State Muscles involved in Scapular Lateral Rotation (shrugging shoulders up)

A

Trazpezius (ant fibres)

Seratus Anterior

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30
Q

State Muscles involved in Scapular medial Rotation (shrugging downwards)

A
  1. Gravity
  2. Levator scapulae
  3. Rhomboid Maj. and Min.
  4. Pectoralis minor
31
Q
A
  1. trapezius 2. Levator scapulae 3. Rhomboideus minor
  2. rhomboideus major 5. supraspinatus 6. infraspinatous
  3. teres minor 8. Teres major 9. Latissimus dorsi
32
Q
A
33
Q

States the ligaments of the shoulder

A
  1. Coracoacromial Ligament
  2. Coracohumeral ligament
  3. Glenohumeral ligament
  4. Transverse humeral Ligament
34
Q

Function of coracohumeral ligament

A

strengthens superior aspect of the joint capsule.

35
Q

Which part of the shoulder joint capsule is weakest, as it is not protected by muscles or ligaments?

A

Inferoir Part

36
Q

State the two main shoulder bursa

A

subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa and subscapular bursa.

37
Q

Which bursa communicates with the joint cavity

A

Subscapular

38
Q

What is the role of subacromial bursa?

A

Reduce friction beneath deltoid

39
Q

What common sporting injury damages the subacromial bursa

A

Rotator cuff injuries causing bursitis

40
Q

State the rotator cuff muscles

A
  1. Infraspinatus
  2. Teres Minor
  3. Subscapularis
  4. Supraspinatus
41
Q

For the subscapularis muscle state:

Origin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

Medial 2/3 costal aspect of scapula

Insertion:

Less tubersoity of humerus

Action:

Adduction & medial rotation

42
Q

For the Supraspinatus muscle state:

Origin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

Supraspinous fossa

Insertion:

Greater tuberostiy of humerus

Action:

Abduction

43
Q

For the infraspinatus muscle state:

Origin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

Infraspinous fossa

Insertion:

Greater tuberosity

Action:

Lateral rotation

44
Q

For the Teres minor muscle state:

Origin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

Lateral border of scapula

Insertion

Greater tubercle

Lateral Rotation

45
Q

Although the rotator cuff muscles have a role in movement at the glenohumeral joint, what is their primary function

A

Hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

46
Q

Deltoid muscle:

Orgin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

from the lateral spine of the scapula, passing across the acromion to the lateral third of the clavicle

Insertion:

deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Action:

Ant fibres: Flexion and medial rotation

Middle Fibres: Abduction

Posterior fibres: Extetion and medial rotation

47
Q

State the shoulder joint muscles

A
  1. trapezius
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major
  4. deltoids
48
Q

Pectoralis Major

Origin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

the medial third of the clavicle, sternum and costal cartilage of the first 6 ribs and rectus sheath

Insertion:

bicipital groove of the humerus

Action

adduct the shoulder

medially rotate the humerus

49
Q

Seratus Anterior

Origin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

arises as interdigitations from the ribs

Insertion

scapula

Action

Protraction of scapula

50
Q

Flexion of shoulder joint (sagittal plane)

(3)

A
  1. pectoralis major
  2. deltoid (anterior)
  3. coracobracialis
51
Q

Extension of shoulder (sagittal plane)

(3)

A
  1. latissimus dorsi
  2. teres major
  3. Posterior fibres of deltoids
52
Q

Adduction of shoulder joint

A
  1. pectoralis major
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. teres major & minor
  4. coracobrachialis
53
Q

Abduction of shoulder joint 0 to 90 degrees

A

Supraspinatus

Deltoid (mid)

54
Q

Abduction of shoulder joint 90 to 180 degrees

A

Trapezius

Serratus Anterior

55
Q
A
56
Q
A
57
Q

What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the arm

A
58
Q

Biceps Brachii

Orgin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin:

Short Head:

Coracoid Process of scapula

Long Head:

Supraglenoid tubrecle of the scapula

(Its tendon goes down the biceptil groove of humerus

Insertion:

Radial tuberosity

Action:

Flexes elbow and sholder joint

Supination at the superior radio ulnar joint

59
Q

Coracobrachialis

Orgin

Insertion

Action

A

Orgin:

Coracoid process

Insertion:

medial aspect of the mid-shaft of the humerus

Action

adduct and flex shoulder joint

60
Q

Brachialis:

Orgin

Insertion

Action

A

Orgin:

Anterior surface of the distal shaft of the humerus

Insertion:

coronoid process of the ulna

Action

flex the elbow joint

61
Q

What nerve supplies all of the muscles of the anterior compartment

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)

62
Q

What muscle makes up the posterior compartment of the arm

A

Triceps Brachii

63
Q

Tricpes Brachii

Orgin

Insertion

Action

A

Origin

Long Head:

Infra-glenoid tubercle of the scapul

Lateral Head:

Humerus above radial groove

Medial Head

Humerus below radial groove

Insertion:

Olecronon of ulnar

Action:

Extension of elbow

64
Q

What small muscle aids the triceps

A

Aconenous

65
Q

Nerve supply of posterior compartment

A

Radial Nerve (C5-T1)

Triceps: C6-C8

Anconeus (C7-T1)

66
Q

State the contents of the cubital fossa

A
67
Q

Which vein lies anterior to the roof of the antecubital fossa?

A

Median cubital vein

68
Q

At what level does the brachial artery bifurcate into the radial and ulnar artery?

A

Apex of the cubital fossa

69
Q
A
70
Q

Which ligament holds the ulnar in place?

A

Ulnar collateral ligament

71
Q

Which ligament holds the radial in place?

A

Radial collateral ligament

72
Q

Summeries the ligaments of the elbow

A

Radial and ulnar collateral ligaments

Annular ligament

73
Q

Muscles of pronation at radial ulnar joint

A

Pronator Quadrus

Pronator Teres

74
Q

Muscles of supination at radial ulnar joint

A

Supinator

Brachio radiallis

Brachioradiallis

Mariam Anatomy Year 2 (21 decks)

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