MSK tumours

Question 1

For large abnormalities what studies can be used?

Answer 1

Karyotyping

FISH

Question 2

Many soft tissue lesions are characterised by genetic abnormalities T/F

Answer 2

T

Question 3

How does Immunohistochemistry work (IHC)

Answer 3

We know certain cells express certain proteins

Question 4

Examples of common and benign lesions

Answer 4

ganglion cyst
giant cell tumour
fibromatosis

Question 5

What is a ganglion cyst?

Answer 5

Lump-peripheral and near a joint capsule or tension sheath
common around the west
Degenerative change within connective tissue
not a true cyst because there is no epithelial lining

Question 6

superficial fibromatoses

Answer 6

Dupuytren’s
Knuckle pads
Plantar
Penile - Peyronie’s

Question 7

Dupytren’s

Answer 7

common
M>F
average age above 60

Question 8

Deep fibromatosis

Answer 8

mesenteric or pelvic
demoed tumours
associations with Gardner’s syndrome

Question 9

Giant Cell tumour

Answer 9

pigmented villonodular synovitis- large joints
Giant cell tutor of tendon sheath- digits
Similar lesions
Giant cell tumour of bone is a distinct entity

Question 10

Angiolipoma

Answer 10

Usually multiple and peripheral
vascular with fibrin thrombi
one of the painful subset lesions
the dot be in forearm in younger individuals

Question 11

What is ANGEL

Answer 11

A differential diagnosis mnemonic for painful skin lesions

Angiolipoma.
Neurofibroma or neuroma.
Glomus tumour.
Eccrine spiradenoma.
Leiomyoma.

Question 12

A tumour derived from a mesenchymal fat cell include…

Answer 12

liposarcoma

Question 13

What is the difference between lipoma and liposarcoma?

Answer 13

Both tumours from fat cells but while lipomas are comprised of benign soft tissue, liposarcomas are malignant, cancerous tumors.

Question 14

What is the tumour from skeletal muscle called?

Answer 14

rhabdomyomas

Can be embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar ( tend to be in older adults) and polymorphic

Question 15

What is the most common cartilage tumour and where is it most commonly found?

Answer 15

Enchondroma
most common in the digits( although lesions almost never malignant)
The malignant ones tend to occur in the axial skeleton

Question 16

Where are osteomas typically found?

Answer 16

cranial bones

Question 17

What are the malignant bone tumours and where is it common

Answer 17

Osteosarcoma
peadriac age groups, long bones
predicted from destructive radiology- Codman’s triangle etc

Question 18

What is Ewing’s sarcoma

Answer 18

children and adolescents
Any soft tissue or bony location- often long bones
Specific genetic abnormalities