MSK Tumor

Question 1

A malignant tumor that arises from osteoblasts and forms in the metaphysis (affects adolescents); associated with Retinoblastoma; sunburst or codman triangle on x-ray; pain at night/rest

Answer 1

Osteosarcoma

Question 2

A malignant tumor that arises from neuroectodermal cells and forms in the diaphysis; affects adolescents; associated with chromosomes 11 & 22 translocation; onion skinning on x-ray; small, round blue cell tumor on microscopy

Answer 2

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 3

What are the two most common pediatric MSK malignancies?

Answer 3

Osteosarcoma and Ewing

Question 4

A malignant tumor that arises from chondrocytes and forms in the cortical (compact) bone; affects elders; enlarging hip/pelvis/shoulder mass

Answer 4

Chondrosarcoma

Question 5

A benign overgrowth of bone and cartilage that forms in metaphysis (adolescents); associated with EXT 1 & EXT 2 mutations; exostosis mass (sessile or pedunculated) on x-ray; NO PAIN

Answer 5

Osteochondroma

Question 6

What are the tumor simulators?

Answer 6

1. Fibrous dsyplasia
2. Paget disease
3. Myositis ossificans

Question 7

A Bone disorder in which scar-like (fibrous) tissue develops in place of normal bone; can weaken the affected bone and cause it to deform or fracture; GROUND GLASS appearance; associated with McCune Albright Syndrome (cafe au lait, endocrinopathy

Answer 7

Fibrous dsyplasia

Question 8

A bone remodeling disorder that results in poor-quality bone due to excessive osteoclastic (bone breakdown) activity followed by osteoblastic (bone formation) activity; affects elders with pain, arthritis, and bone bowing; associated with increased ALK PHOS

Answer 8

Paget disease

Question 9

Formation of bone tissue inside muscle after a traumatic injury to the area; commonly in Quadriceps; peripherally calcified mass on x-ray

Answer 9

Myositis ossificans

Question 10

A Cancer that forms in plasma cells (WBC); cancer cells accumulate in the bone marrow; often multifocal and has “punched out” appearance on x-ray

Answer 10

Multiple Myeloma

Question 11

What are the most common carcinomas that tend to metastasize to bone?

Answer 11

PBKTL

“lead kettle”

Question 12

Changing hat size is indicative of what bone disorder?

Answer 12

paget disease

Question 13

What bone disorder causes a large head with a prominent forehead, a long narrow trunk, and short extremities.

Answer 13

Achondroplasia

Question 14

What process is defective in acondroplasia?

Answer 14

endochondral ossification

Question 15

What gene mutation is responsible for causing Achondroplasia

Answer 15

FGFR3