MSK 1-Additional Flashcards
Which muscle laterally rotates the scapula?
serratus anterior
The scapular motion occurs at the
scapulothoracic joint (conceptual)
The small space for the supraspinatus beneath the acromion is called the
subacromial space
What muscle elevates proximal fragment of fractured clavicle and helps protect the underlying neurovasculature damage?
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (SCM)
2 ligaments of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint
- acromioclavicular ligament
2. coracoclavicular ligament
A strong pair of ligaments that unites coracoid process and the clavicle
coracoclavicular ligament
two ligaments that make up coracoclavicular ligament
- trapezoid ligament
2. conoid ligament
Positive piano sign can be observed in what degree AC injury?
3rd degree
The lateral cord of brachial plexus includes
anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks
The medial cord of brachial plexus includes
anterior division of inferior trunk
The posterior cord of brachial plexus includes
posterior divisions of ALL 3 trunks
The lateral cord of brachial plexus gives rise to what terminal branches?
- musculocutaneous nerve
2. lateral root of median nerve
The posterior cord of brachial plexus gives rise to what terminal branches?
- axillary nerve
2. radial nerve
The medial cord of brachial plexus gives rise to what terminal branches?
- medial root of median nerve
2. ulnar nerve
In addition to the 5 MAJOR branches off the Brachial Plexus, what are the smaller branches? (8 total)
- Dorsal Scapular (C5)
- Long Thoracic (C5-7)
- Suprascapular (C5-C6)
- Lateral Pectoral (C5-C7)
- Medial Pectoral (C8 and T1)
- Medial Cutaneous nerve of arm (C8 and T1)
- Medial Cutaneous nerve of forearm (C8 and T1)
- Subscapular Nerves
- Upper (C5, C6)
- Middle (C6-C8)
- Lower(C5, C6)
What is also known as a funny bone
medial epicondyle
A deep depression which receives the olecranon process of the ulna during extension of the elbow/forearm
olecranon fossa
Two heads (short and long) of biceps inserts into radius via
radial tuberosity
Two heads (short and long) of biceps inserts into antebrachial fascia via
bicipital aponeurosis
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6) innervates and pierces what muscle?
coracobrachialis muscle
What lines the inside of the Glenohumeral Joint capsule and reflects and surrounds the tendon of the ________________?
Synovial Membrane; long head of biceps
What holds long head of bicep tendon in the bicipital groove/intertubercular sulcus?
Transverse humeral ligament
Dislocations at the glenohumeral joint are most common in the anterior-inferior direction and is called
sub-coracoid or anterior dislocations
humeral head ends up beneath the coracoid process
The orientation of interosseous membrane assists in transferring forces from the radius to the ulna especially during a
FOOSH
Dinner fork deformity is produced by
distal radial fracture fragment displacing dorsally (posteriorly)
Inflammation of thumb extensor/abductor tendons is called
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
Radial nerve divides into what two main branches in the forearm?
- Superficial Branch
2. Deep Branch
What branch of radial nerve pierces through supinator muscle and continues as Posterior Interosseous Nerve (PIN) which innervates extensors of wrist/fingers?
Deep Branch
What is also known as Saturday night fracture?
Boxer’s fracture (fracture of 5th metacarpal)
Palmar aponeurosis sends what septum to the 5th metacarpal?
medial septum
Palmar aponeurosis sends what septum to the 3rd metacarpal?
lateral septum
Fibrous digital sheaths are composed of what ligaments?
5 annular and 4 cruciform ligaments
Trigger fingers is also known as
stenosing tenosynovitis
Hypothenar compartment is innervated by
deep branch of ulnar nerve
Damage to what nerve can cause ape hand due to thenar atrophy?
recurrent branch of median nerve
Adductor compartment is innervated by
deep branch of ulnar nerve
Lumbricals arise from
sides of FDP tendons
Interosseous compartment is innervated by
deep branch of ulnar nerve
Ulnar artery divides into what two terminal branches?
- Superficial palmar arch
2. Deep Palmar branch
Superficial palmar arch gives rise to what smaller branches?
- Common palmar digital arteries
2. Proper Palmar digital arteries
Radial artery gives rise to what two branches of the hand?
- Radial indicis artery (index finger)
2. Princeps Pollicis artery (thumb)
Radial artery anastomoses with the deep palmar branch of ular artery to form
Deep Palmar Arch
What are the two arterial arches of the hand?
- Superficial Palmar Arch
2. Deep Palmar Arch
What is the difference between superficial palmar arch and deep palmar arch?
- Superficial Palmar Arch is formed mainly by the ULNAR artery.
- Deep Palmar Arch is formed mainly by the RADIAL artery
Transverse plane (cervical facet joint) orientation allows what movement?
Multiaxial movement
Coronal/frontal plane (thoracic facet joint) orientation allows what movement?
Rotational movement
Sagittal plane (lumbar facet joint) orientation allows what movement?
flexion and extension
Interconnecting vertebral venous plexuses (VVP) are directly connected to pelvic vein system and azygos system (which run along the thracic column). This connection allows easy
metastasis to the vertebral column causing metastatic bone cancer
95% of LUMBAR disc herniations occur
at L4/L5 and at L5/S1
A posterolateral disc herniation between L4/L5 affects what nerve
L5 (it’s the next spinal nerve that gets affected)
A posterolateral disc herniation between L5/S1 affects what nerve
S1 (it’s the next spinal nerve that gets affected)
What is the branch of axillary nerve that supplies sensation to the lateral shoulder skin area; its damage can cause loss of sensation in lateral aspect of shoulder/deltoid when surgical neck fracture occurs
superior lateral cutaneous nerve
What nerve pierces through the coracobrachialis?
the musculocutaneous nerve of lateral cord
