MSK - ortho

Question 1

RF DDH

Answer 1

girls // breech // FH // firstborn // oligohydramnios // >5kg // calcaneovalgus foot

Question 2

which hip does DDH occur in usually

Answer 2

left

Question 3

screening DDH

Answer 3

USS if - FH, breech at 36 weeks, twins

Question 4

diagnosis DDH

Answer 4

barlow –> ortalani test // USS if newborn // xray >4.5 months

Question 5

mx DDH

Answer 5

palvik harness <5 months // surgery in older kids

Question 6

symptoms transient synovitis

Answer 6

hip pain after URTI

Question 7

symptoms + age transient synovitis

Answer 7

age 3-8 // limp // groin pain // low fever

Question 8

RF transient synovitis

Answer 8

fever

Question 9

mx transient synovitis

Answer 9

self limiting, rest and analgesia

Question 10

age perthes

Answer 10

4-8

Question 11

what is perthes

Answer 11

AVN of femoral head

Question 12

features perthes

Answer 12

boys // hip pain // limp + stiffness

Question 13

invx perthes

Answer 13

x ray = wide joint, flattened femoral head // tech scan

Question 14

complication perthes

Answer 14

OA, premature fusion growth plates

Question 15

staging perthes

Answer 15

catterall

Question 16

mx perthes

Answer 16

<6 = observation + casts // >6 = surgery

Question 17

RF SUFE

Answer 17

age 10-15 // boys // obese

Question 18

symptoms SUFE

Answer 18

hip pain, referred to knee // loss of internal rotation of leg in flexion

Question 19

invx SUFE

Answer 19

AP + lateral X ray

Question 20

mx SUFE

Answer 20

internal fixation

Question 21

what is juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer 21

arthritis <16 years lasting >6 weeks

Question 22

what is pauciarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer 22

<4 joints affected // most common

Question 23

features pauciarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer 23

joint pain + swelling (knees, ankle, hip) // maybe ANA+

Question 24

symptoms systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer 24

AKA stills // prexia, salmon rash, lymph, arthritis, uveitis, anorexia

Question 25

invx systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer 25

ANA+

Question 26

presentation septic arthritis

Answer 26

joint pain, limp, fever, systemic upset // red swollen joint, limited movement

Question 27

criteria for septic diagnosis

Answer 27

Kocher: >38.5C + non weight bearing + raised ESR + raised WCC

Question 28

invx septic arthritis

Answer 28

joint aspiration: culture + WCC // inflam markers // blood cultire

Question 29

age growing pains

Answer 29

3-12

Question 30

symptoms growing pains

Answer 30

never in the morning, no limp or limited movement, systemically well, normal examination + milestones

Question 31

what is osgood schlatters

Answer 31

osteochondrosis - inflammation of tibial tuberosity // common in sporty teenagers

Question 32

what is Chondromalacia patellae + mx

Answer 32

softening of cartilage in patella // anterior knee pain walking on stairs // teenage girls // physio

Question 33

what is Osteochondritis dissecans

Answer 33

knee pain after exercise –> swelling and locking

Question 34

what is Patellar tendonitis

Answer 34

athletic teenage boys // anterior knee pain worse after running