haem

Question 1

most common cancer affecting kids

Answer 1

ALL

Question 2

age ALL

Answer 2

2-5 years

Question 3

symptoms ALL

Answer 3

anaemia: pallor, tired // neutropenua: infections // thrombocytopenia: bruising, petechia // bone pain, splenomegaly, fever!

Question 4

types of ALL

Answer 4

common ALL // Tcell // B cell

Question 5

poor prognosis ALL

Answer 5

<2 or >10 // WBC >20 // T or B cells // not white // male

Question 6

what is ITP

Answer 6

immune reduction of platelets // type II hypersensitivity –> GP II

Question 7

trigger ITP kids

Answer 7

vaccine or infection

Question 8

features ITP

Answer 8

bruising, petechial rash

Question 9

invx ITP

Answer 9

isolated low platelets // blood film // bone marrow

Question 10

when is bone marrow required in ITP

Answer 10

only if atypical eg lymph, splenomegaly, white cells (symptoms cancer)

Question 11

mx ITP kids

Answer 11

no treatment // steroids, IVIg, platelets if severe

Question 12

when is jaundice always pathological

Answer 12

1st 24 hours

Question 13

causes jaundice 1st 24 hours

Answer 13

rhesus, ABO, hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD def

Question 14

when is jaundice normal in newborn

Answer 14

2-14 days (more common in breastfed)

Question 15

what is prolonged jaundice in a baby

Answer 15

present after 14 days

Question 16

important test prolonged jaundice

Answer 16

unconjugated vs conjugated bilirubin (raised conjugated may = biliary atreasia = surgery)

Question 17

causes prolonged jaundice

Answer 17

biliary atresia // hypothyroid // UTI // breast milk jaundice // premature // congenital infection

Question 18

what causes haemorrhagic diseases of the newborn

Answer 18

Vit K def –> reduced clotting factors –> bleeding, bruising, intrancranial haemorrhage

Question 19

RF haemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Answer 19

breast fed + maternal AED

Question 20

what is done to prevent haemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Answer 20

give newborns vit K