MSK oncology

Question 1

A ______ is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal cell origin

Answer 1

sarcoma

Question 2

A ____ is a benign tumor of the lipocyte cell line

Answer 2

lipoma

Question 3

Most patients with soft tissue sarcomas are candidates for _______ surgery

Answer 3

limb salvage, goal to avoid amputation

Question 4

A ______ is a malignant tumor derived from lipoblasts

Answer 4

liposarcoma

Question 5

A _______ is a malignant tumor derived from the fibrous cell line and tend to be very aggressive

Answer 5

fibrosarcoma

Question 6

The method of metastasis for most soft tissue tumors is _______.

Answer 6

hematogenous

Question 7

__________ is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children

Answer 7

rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 8

How is rhabdomyosarcoma treated?

Answer 8

excision, radiation, chemotherapy

Question 9

A _______ is a mass in the area of joints, but is not derived from the synovial lining of joints

Answer 9

synovial sarcoma

Question 10

In adults, the most common malignant bone tumor is _______

Answer 10

multiple myeloma

Question 11

A ______ is a bone lesion that develops near a growth plate in children

Answer 11

unicameral bone cyst

Question 12

Describe the radiographic appearance of a unicameral bone cyst

Answer 12

well circumscribed lytic lesion, usually in calcaneous

Question 13

What treatments are used for unicameral bone cysts?

Answer 13

bone graft
injection
cryotherapy

Question 14

_______ is a hamartoma of bone, in which bone is laid down on fibrous stroma rather than by rimming osteoblasts

Answer 14

fibrous dysplasia

Question 15

What are the three features of Albright’s syndrome?

Answer 15

precocious puberty
cafe au lait spots
fibrous dysplasia

Question 16

________ is a tumor that produces osteoid from malignant cells

Answer 16

osteogenic sarcoma

Question 17

Describe the radiographic appearance of osteogenic sarcoma

Answer 17

sunburst appearance

Question 18

What treatments are used for osteogenic sarcoma?

Answer 18

chemotherapy and surgery

relatively good overall survival but poorer prognosis if osteogenic sarcoma is secondary to anotehr process

Question 19

If a patient with osteogenic sarcoma fails chemotherapy, it is usually due to development of distant disease, usually in the ______

Answer 19

lungs

Question 20

In very young patients with osteogenic sarcoma, ______ is still the treatment of choice

Answer 20

amputation

Question 21

_______ is a primitive mesenchymal sarcoma

Answer 21

Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 22

Describe pathologic features of Ewing’s sarcoma

Answer 22

sheets of small round blue cells that stain positive for glycogen
pathology often similar to lymphomas, use cell markers to differentiate

Question 23

Describe pathologic features of Ewing’s sarcoma

Answer 23

sheets of small round blue cells that stain positive for glycogen
pathology often similar to lymphomas, use cell markers to differentiate

Question 24

How is Ewing’s sarcoma treated?

Answer 24

• chemotherapy + surgery in expendable bones
• radiation preferred in bones that have a large amount of growth remaining
• pelvis: chemo, surgery, radiation

Question 25

Multiple myeloma is a ______ cell tumor of the bone marrow

Answer 25

plasma

Question 26

The main treatment for multiple myeloma is _____

Answer 26

chemotherapy, sometimes radiation for small lytic lesions

systemic disease so no role for surgery

Question 27

Bone scans in multiple myeloma are very “cold” because there is minimal _______ stimulation

Answer 27

osteoblastic

Question 28

Most patients who have died of carcinomas show _________ at autopsy

Answer 28

metastatic bone disease

Question 29

What are the most common bony sites of cancer metastasis?

Answer 29

spine, pelvis, femur, humerus

Question 30

For cancers that commonly metastasize to bone, state whether they are blastic or lytic

Answer 30

breast: blastic or lytic
lung: lytic
prostate: blastic
kidney: lytic

Question 31

_____ is successful in controlling metastatic bone lesions that are small and minimally painful

Answer 31

radiation

Question 32

Current or imminent pathologic fractures in metastatic bone disease are treated with _____

Answer 32

surgical fixation

Question 33

Achondroplasia involves an autosomal dominant genetic defect in ______

Answer 33

FGFR3

affects cartilage development

Question 34

Osteogenesis imperfecta is due to an autosomal dominant or sporadic deficiency of _______

Answer 34

type 1 collagen

Question 35

Name a physical exam finding that is characteristic of osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 35

blue-grey sclera