Foot Flashcards
Name the major bones of the ankle
navicular- medial 3 cuneiforms cuboid- lateral metatarsals phalanges tallus calcaneous
_____ is a mild degenerative process due to micro-tearing
plantar fasciitis
Describe the history of plantar fasciitis
Plantar-medial heel pain
Pain often worst 1st steps after rest
Aching quality with prolonged standing
What groups are most likely to get plantar fasciitis
runners
middle aged and obese
What is the initial treatment for plantar fasciitis?
stretching that targets the gastroc muscle and fascia, soleus muscle and achilles, and plantar fascia
night splint to keep foot dorsiflexed
activity modification
weight loss
heel cushions- off the shelf
What are secondary treatment options for refractory plantar fasciitis?
PT- sof tissue mobilization, taping casting NSAIDs injections?? custom orthotics
Plantar fasciitis tends to resolve _____
slowly- takes months
When is surgery indicated for plantar fasciitis?
refractory symptoms in a patient with a high arch
Differentiate acute vs fatigue fractures in the foot
Acute Fractures: When a sudden force is greater than the strength of the bone or bones.
Stress Fracture (Fatigue): When the accumulation of forces over time is greater than the repair process of the bone.
The ______ is the most commonly fractured bone in the foot
5th metatarsal
Describe the vascularity of the 5th metatarsal
poor in proximal watershed zone, good in other areas
often can heal with cast/boot/ stiff soled shoe
List two types of pathology that could underly stress fractures in the foot
weak bone and normal activity
normal bone and excessive activity
What is a Jones fracture
fracture to 5th metatarsal that occurs proximal to the junction of the proximal metaphysis and diaphysis
What are the complications of a Jones fracture?
High risk of delayed union, non-union or repeat fracture
common in athletes
How are Jones fractures treated?
May need surgical intramedullary fixation if athlete that wants to return to activities
