MSK Neoplastic

Question 1

Chondroma

Answer 1

A rare, slow-growing tumor that is made up of cartilage and forms on or in bones or soft tissue. It is not cancer. The tumor usually occurs in the hands or feet, but it may also occur in the upper arm, thigh, collarbone, ribs, pelvis, spine, skull, and nasal sinuses. Chondro=cartilage.

Question 2

Chondrosarcoma

Answer 2

Chondrosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that starts in cartilage cells. Cartilage is the smooth connective tissue that protects the ends of bones and lines most joints. Most bones develop from cartilage. And it plays an important role in the growth process. There are many different types of cartilage all over the body. Chondrosarcoma mainly affects the cartilage cells of the thighbone (femur), shoulder, or pelvis. Less often, it starts in the knee, ribs, skull, and windpipe (trachea).
It is a rare type of cancer, that happens most often in the pelvis, hip and shoulder. More rarely, it can happen in the bones of the spine. Chondro=cartilage.

Question 3

Ewing Sarcoma

Answer 3

A rare type of cancer that affects bones or the tissue around bones. Under the microscope, Ewing sarcoma cells appear small, round and blue.
It mainly affects children and young people, but is also seen in adults. It’s more common in males than females. Signs and symptoms of Ewing sarcoma include swelling and pain near the tumor.

Question 4

Osteochondroma

Answer 4

An overgrowth of cartilage and bone that happens at the end of the bone near the growth plate. Most often, it affects the long bones in the leg, the pelvis, or the shoulder blade. Osteochondroma is the most common noncancerous bone growth. It most often occurs between ages 10 and 30. Osteo=bone. Chondro=cartilage.

Question 5

Osteoid Osteoma

Answer 5

A benign (non-cancerous), small tumor that usually grows IN the long bones of a person’s lower extremities. The femur is the most common location, although it can occur in the bones of the hand, and it sometimes occurs in the lower part of the spine.

Question 6

Osteoma

Answer 6

A new piece of bone usually growing ON another piece of bone, typically the skull. When the bone tumor grows on other bone it is known as “homoplastic osteoma”; when it grows on other tissue it is called “heteroplastic osteoma”. Causes of osteoma are congenital, inflammatory, or traumatic factors, but in most cases the cause of the osteoma is unknown. I have an osteoma on my left leg.

Question 7

Osteosarcoma

Answer 7

A type of bone cancer that begins in the cells that form bones. Osteosarcoma is most often found in the long bones — more often the legs, but sometimes the arms — but it can start in any bone. Ansel Elgort’s character in the movie, Fault in Our Stars.

Question 8

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)

Answer 8

A rare type of cancer that forms in soft tissue — specifically skeletal muscle tissue that normally develops into skeletal (voluntary) muscles. These are muscles that we control to move parts of our body. RMS can occur at any age, but it most often affects children.

Well before birth, cells called rhabdomyoblasts (which will eventually form skeletal muscles) begin to form. These are the cells that can develop into RMS. Because this is a cancer of very early forms of muscle cells, it is much more common in children, although it does sometimes occur in adults.

Question 9

Sarcoma

Answer 9

A type of cancer that begins in bone or in the soft tissues of the body, including cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, or other connective or supportive tissue. Different types of sarcoma are based on where the cancer forms. For example, osteosarcoma forms in bone, liposarcoma forms in fat, and rhabdomyosarcoma forms in muscle. Treatment and prognosis depend on the type and grade of the cancer (how abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope and how quickly the cancer is likely to grow and spread). Sarcoma occurs in both adults and children.