MSK - Lower Limb 2 Flashcards
what bones compose the leg?
tibia - bigger one
and
fibula - skinny one, lateral
label what u can of the anterior leg
label posterior part of leg bones
How is the tibia and fibula held together?
through interosseous membrane
- joins the interosseous border of the tibia with the interosseous borderof the fibula
- also splits the leg into an anterior and posterior compartment
label this pic first
the interosseous membarne isnt exactly complete, it has some openings, these are..?
opening for anterior tibial vessels
opening for perforating branch of fibular artery
What type of joint at the superior end of the fibula and tibia? (knee) -
plane synovial joint which allows for some sliding in dorsiflexion
what are the 4 ligaments that hold the tibia and fibula together (superiorly and inferiorly)
i swear its easy
superior - ant and post ligament of head of fibula
inferior - ant and post tibiofibular ligament
label a cross section of the leg - muscular compartments
anterior, posterior and lateral (small and is formed by intermuscular septum)
What are the 3 parts that the foot? - what are each part made of !!!
label
What are the divisions of the phalanges?
proximal, middle and distal (hallux only has proximal and distal)
What is the body of the ankle contained by?
medial and lateral malleolus
How many tarsal bones are there?
and what are they?
7
calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform, middle cuneiform, lateral cuneiform
What is the sustentaculum tali?
groove which runs on the anteromedial portion of the calcaneus
- attaches to tuberosity on 5th toe
What is the Achilles tendon?
calf muscle attachment which will pull up when on tippy toes
What are the 5 ankle and foot joints?
- tibiotalar
- subtalar
- transverse tarsal
- metatarsophalangeal
- interphalangeal
What is the tibiotalar joint and what does it do?
actual ankle joint which does hinge dorsiflexion
What is the subtalar joint and what does it do?
reinforced by talocalcaneal ligaments which do eversion and inversion
What are the 2 types of transverse tarsal joint?
- calcaneocuboid
- talocalcaneonavicular
What is the role of the metatarsophalangeal joint?
flexion, extension, abduction and adduction (then happen together to do circumflexion)
Where does abduction and adduction happen from?
the midline is considered to be the 2nd toe
What is the level of movement in the tallus joint?
- hinge joint => main movement is plantarflexion and dorsiflexion
- the articular surface is narrower posteriorly = joint more unstable when plantar flexed
- plantarflexed position allows for ‘wiggle room’ which allows for eversion/inversion or abduction/adduction
What are the 4 parts of the medial ligament of the ankle joint?
- tibiocalcaneal part
- tibionavicular part
- anterior tibiotalar part
- posterior tibiotalar part
What are the lateral ligaments in the ankle?
- anterior talofibular ligament - clinically important because mostly involved in ankle sprains
- calcaneofibular ligament
- posterior talofibular ligament
An ankle sprain refers to partial or complete tears in the ligaments of the ankle joint. It usually occurs via excessive inversion to a plantarflexed and weight-bearing foot.
label the ligaments on the plantar side of the foot
long plantar ligament, short plantar ligament, plantar calcanonavicular ligament, deltoid ligament