MSK Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Monteggia

A

Proximal ulnar fracture with dislocation of proximal radial head

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2
Q

Galeazzi

A

Distal radial fracture with ulnar displacement at DRUJ

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3
Q

Barton’s

A

Distal radius fracture with intra-articular involvement - can be volar/palmar or dorsal/ventral

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4
Q

Colles

A

Distal radius fracture with dorsal displacement

FOOSH, ‘dinner fork deformity’

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5
Q

Smith

A

Distal radius fracture with palmar/volar displacement

fall onto flexed wrist

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6
Q

Bennett

A

1st metacarpal fracture with 1st CMC joint involvement, usually with subluxation/dislocation of CMC joint

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7
Q

Boxer

A

5th metacarpal fracture

from punching something

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8
Q

Lisfranc

A

Metatarsal fracture with dislocation of other metatarsals from tarsus

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9
Q

Pilon

A

Distal tibia fracture with joint involvement, usually with displacement
(fall from height/RTA)

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10
Q

Supracondylar

A

Children FOOSH

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11
Q

Buckle

A

Incomplete shaft fracture with bulging of cortex

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12
Q

Greenstick

A

Fracture involving only one cortex in children

half of bone broken; other half just bent

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13
Q

Nightstick

A

Isolated ulnar fracture

putting arm up to defend against weapon

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14
Q

General indications for ORIF

A
Failed conservative
2 fractures in 1 limb
Bilateral identical fractures
Intra-articular fractures
Displaced unstable fractures
(sometimes open fracture)
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15
Q

Management of open fracture

A
IV broad-spec antibiotics
Wound debridement
Tetanus prophylaxis
External fixation
(occasionally ORIF)
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16
Q

Inversion injury of ankle

A

anterior talofibular ligament

sometimes calcaneofibular or posterior talofibular

17
Q

Eversion injury of ankle

A

Deltoid ligament

18
Q

Indications for ORIF in ankle

A

Bi-maleollar fracture
Talar shift
Displaced unstable
Intra-articular

19
Q

What is injured in Colles fracture

A

Median nerve

  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Weak wrist flexion
  • Loss of thumb opposition
  • Thenar eminence wasting

(Also extensor pollicis longus rupture can occur)

20
Q

What is injured in supracondylar fracture in kids

A

Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch)

Loss of innervation to radial half of flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus (anterior forearm muscles except ulnar half of FDP)

  • Loss of elbow pronation
  • Unable to do ‘OK’ sign
  • Weak wrist flexion
  • Most common injury seen is weakness in the 2nd finger
21
Q

What is injured in anterior shoulder dislocation

A

Axillary nerve

  • Loss of sensation to ‘regimental badge patch’ area
  • Deltoid and Teres Minor wasting
  • Therefore, weak/lost abduction and external rotation
22
Q

What is injured in olecranon dislocation

A

Ulnar nerve

  • Cubital tunnel syndrome?
23
Q

What can be injured in hip fractures

A

Sciatic nerve

Also: femoral ane pudendal nerves

24
Q

What can be injured in knee dislocation

A

Common fibular nerve

Popliteal artery

25
What can be injured in humeral shaft fractures
Radial nerve - Loss of sensation over dorsal hand - Loss of innervation to extensor (posterior) compartment of forearm - wrist drop
26
What can be injured in tibial shaft fracture
Tibial nerve - Loss of plantarflexion of ankle and foot - Weak inversion - Sensory loss to plantar aspect of foot
27
What can be injured in 'bumper' injuries i.e. car hitting a pedestrian
Common peroneal nerve - Foot drop - Loss of sensation over dorsum of foot
28
What is a Bankart lesion
Tear of glenoid labrum from anterior dislocation
29
What is a Hill-Sachs lesion
Cortical depression of posterior humeral head due to posterior dislocation, as head hits off anteroinferior glenoid rim
30
What degree of angulation is allowed for in humeral shaft fracture before surgical intervention is required
30 degrees