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SUMRAD > MSK-FX-UE > Flashcards

MSK-FX-UE Flashcards

1
Q

What is req in a shoulder series X Ray?

A
  1. AP- ER exposed G. tuberosity.
  2. AP- IR G.tuberosity less exposed.
  3. Y- scapula view.
  4. DDX dislocations. Axillary- Dislocation, glenoid,
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2
Q

What is the special view of the glenoid?

A

AP oblique

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3
Q

WHat is showing In the Y trans scapular view?

A
  • Top of Y is coracoid process and scapular spine.
  • Bottom is scapula body
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4
Q

What is DX of humerus is ER and inferior to glenoid?

A

ANT dislocation. MC. Pt. fixed in ER, AB

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5
Q

Pt is in ER from MVA, holding arm in ADD, IR, cannot ER. Xray shows humeral head even lined up with glenoid?

A
  • POST Dislocation.
  • NO G. Tuberosity
  • ***Hard to tell, consider CP of Pt..
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6
Q

What can be used to determine dislocation on Y view?

A
  • ANT- humeral is MEDIAL to Y
  • POST- humeral head is LATERAL to Y
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7
Q

What can be seen on Axillary view, rare for Dislocations?

A
  • POST-Humeral head is far from coracoid, and inferior to glenoid.
  • ANT- Humeral head overlaps coracoid
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8
Q

What is cond/XRay if pt is in a MVA with arm ABD fixed?

A

Luxatio Erecta- humerus severely inferior to glenoid fossa

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9
Q

What complication is from multiple dislocation, where the humeral head is impinged under ant glenoid rim leading to impaction FX on posterolateral humeral head?

A

Hill Sachs Fx

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10
Q

What can occur post reduction of dislocation on the glenoid rim?

A

BANKART FX. Labrum Tear

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11
Q

what are secondary injuries from mechanism of most dislocation?

A
  1. Avulsion of tuberosity RTC.
  2. Jt instability.
  3. Axillary nerve. ALWAYS check neurological
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12
Q

What is LC FX from direct impact, least problematic d/t 2/2 injuries in lungs where you must order a CXR, CT later, and Y view?

A
  1. Scapula FX- ALWAY GET CXR ASAP. Body MC.
  2. Risk Hemi, Pneumothorax, Failed Chest.
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13
Q

What is MC location of clavicle fX w/ what views?

A
  1. Middle 1/3.
  2. Distal 1/3 Elderly.
  3. AP and ANGled -15deg
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14
Q

What is used to determine 4 types of AC separation?

A
  1. SAND BAG wt bearing view-
  2. Type 1 partial tear,
  3. Type 2 Widening
  4. Type 3 AC and CC ligament.
  5. Type 4 impaction
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15
Q

What mm determine Type 2 vs Type 3?

A

>8mm vs >13mm

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16
Q

Describe caution of FX at humeral neck?

A

Surgical neck axillary blood supply AVN.

MC -impaction, comminuted, shortened

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17
Q

What views are reQ for elbow to the NORMAL Fig 8?

A

Lateral-90deg flexed handshake. Fig 8-capitelulm and trochlear bottom of 8, condyles superimposed

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18
Q

What views are reQ for elbow to seen the condyles?

A

Med. Oblique

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19
Q

What views are reQ for elbow to seen radiocapitellar?

A

Lateral Oblique

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20
Q

What views are reQ for elbow to radial head?

A

Capitellum view- Fig 8

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21
Q

Describe the fat pad sign and what it indicates?

A
  1. Hemarthrosis.
  2. Lucent -ANt. fat bad distal bicep-Normal
  3. FX= extended.
  4. ANY Posterior fat pad= FX
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22
Q

What is indicated if the Ant humeral and Radiocapitellar line don’t bisect the middle 1/3 capitellum?

A

FRACTURE

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23
Q

What is MC common sublet elbow FX in adults?

A

Radial head. USE approach

    1. AABC
    1. Fig 8
    1. Fat pad
    1. Ant humeral and Radiocapitellar Line bisect
    1. Humer, Olecranon, Ulna
24
Q

What accounts for 60% of FX in kids in the elbow?

A

Supracondylar FX

25
Q

For kids what is important not to confuse in bones FX?

A

Epiphyseal plate, ossicles, coronoid, medial condyles, olecranon etc. LOOK for alinement and fat pad

26
Q

What are MC dislocations?

A
  1. fingers 2. shoulder 3. elbow- Kids #1. 90% posterior, HYPEREXT. Consider FX ALWAYS Check vascular and nerves
27
Q

What is direct blow to ulna in defensive posture?

A

Nightstick FX

28
Q

What is a Fracture of ulna and radial head dislocation?

A
  1. Monteggia
  2. FX-UNSTABLE surgery.
  3. Radial head ANT dislocation
29
Q

What is distal 1/3 radial shaft FX w/ distal ulnar dislocation?

A

Galeazzi

Ulna-out at radioulnar and carpal ulnar jt. UNSTABLE

30
Q

What is mnemonic for carpals?

A

Some lover try position- L-M. That they can’t handle

Trapezium- THUMB

31
Q

For FOOSH FX what should been observed in carpals and radius?

A

Carpal row alignment. Intra Articular Radial FX

32
Q

What view will you see in a FX on the radius during a FOOSH?

A

Oblique radial ulnar fX

33
Q

Describe Distal Radius FX angulations?

A

LATERAL views-

Colles- Angle Dorsal/POST, dinner fork, humpback

34
Q

Which nerve should be evaluated?

A

Median

35
Q

What is MC FOOSH injury?

A

Colles FX, also check Ulnar styloid

36
Q

What is a SMith’s FX?

A

Distal Ventral/ANT radius

FX- LATERal view DISTAL angulation*

37
Q

What is volar/dorsal BUT with INtra-articular FX dislocstion?

A

Barton

38
Q

What can be seen in an intraarticular radial styolid fx?

A

Chauffeur/Huttchens- lunate scaphoid widen. NO angulation

39
Q

In a Lunate load fx, punch, what is seen?

A

Hyperdense at MEDIAL distal radius, with widening.Intraarticular

40
Q

What is MCC carpal fx with risk of avasular necrosis?

A
  • Scaphoid (NAav FX)- waist of bone HIGH proximal bone risk.
  • view in ULNAR DEVIATION
41
Q

What is the 2nd MC FX in hand best seen in which view?

A

Triquetrum- most dorsal bone FX- LATERAL view

42
Q

What will a lunate dislocation look like on AP and LATERAL view?

A
  • AP- Triangle, arches gone, Scaphoid shortened
  • LATERAL- spilled teacup.
  • UNSTABE- median nerve
43
Q

What is seen on a LATERAL where the luncate is in postion but others are not?

A

Perilunate Dislocation- 3x MC. Capitate and MC Dislocated- check scaphoid and median nerve

44
Q

What is seen on PA with perilunate?

A

crowded carpals

45
Q

What is occurring in scapholunate Dissocation?

A

Extra widen space- Scaphoid rotates on AP view creating space

46
Q

What is defined has Boxers fX?

A

4th or 5th metacarpal NECK FX. 5th digit may rotate medially

47
Q

Are true Boxer fX shaft and intra articular?

A

NO!

48
Q

What is a Bennetts FX?

A
  • Intra Articular FX dislocation of 1st MCP jt.
  • Abductor pollicis longus pulls MC downward avulsing off
49
Q

What is a Rolando FX?

A

Comminuted MC intra articular base of thumb

50
Q

What is easy to miss in hyperextension phalanx injury?

A

Volar plate avulsion PIP jt- UNSTABLE

51
Q

What is a mallet finger?

A
  • Avulsion FX of DIP at extensor tendon-untreated
  • REFER ORTHO
52
Q

What is Boutonniere finger?

A

HYPERFlex PIP d/t central slip and HYPEReXT d/t lateral bands. MC RA pts

53
Q

What is swan’s neck finger?

A

Fixed EXT of PIP and FLEXED DIP- MC Autoimmune

54
Q

what can occur at base of proximal 1st phalanx?

A

Gamekeeper thumb- UCL avulsion FX

55
Q

What is important about distal phalanx fracture?

A
  1. Tuft- tip FX repair, ABX- NONURGENT.
  2. Distal NECK- OR URGENT

SUMRAD (13 decks)

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