MSK conditions: upper limb Flashcards
Fall onto outstretched hand can cause what type of injuries
- Colles fracture
- Radial head fracture
- Galeazzi fracture (distal radius fracture + dislocation of distal radio-ulnar joint)
- Proximal humerus fracture
What type of wrist fracture should be treated even if you cannot see it on xray
Scaphoid fracture
- Hard to spot on xray
- Risk of avascular necrosis
Colles vs Smith fracture
Colles fracture: FOOSH. Dorsal displacement of fragment.
Smith fracture: Fall onto back of flexed wrist. Volar displacement of fragment
A Colles fracture may be associated with a rupture of which tendon
tendon of extensor pollicis longus (EPL)
What kind of fracture does pain on longitudinal compression of the thumb suggest
Scaphoid fracture
Signs of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
- Finkelstein’s test : Pain along distal radius when thumb is adducted
- Painful thumb abduction against resistance
Which carpal fracture is associated with carpal tunnel syndrome
Lunate fracture
Risk factors for carpal tunnel
- Pregnancy
- Oedema (due to heart failure, liver failure, etc)
- Lunate fracture
- Rheumatoid arthritis
Signs/ symptoms of carpal tunnel
- Weak thumb abduction (abductor pollicis brevis)
- Wasting over thenar eminence
- Tingling over index finger
- Relief when shaking hands out
What structure is operated on in carpal tunnel surgery
Flexor retinaculum
Between trigger finger vs Dupytren’s contracture, in which case would steroid injections work
Steroid injections for trigger finger
No use for Dupytren’s contracture
What movement is most affected in frozen shoulder
External rotation
What is the most likely diagnosis
- Painful red swelling on the posterior aspect of elbow.
- No history of trauma
Olecranon bursitis
