MSK AROM & PROM Flashcards
What four things are you observing in AROM?
Quality of movement (co-ordination, willingness to move, unable to move)
Range (measure using goniometer)
Pain
Testing the muscle/tendon, inert tissue, fear, avoidance
What four things are we looking at when assessing pain in AROM?
When in the movement it occurs (early, middle, late)
Where on the body
The type of response (match their description of their pain? e.g is it actually a 7 when they’re only wincing not screaming out in pain)
Are Muscles spasms or resistance present?
What does PROM assess?
The inert tissue (joint, ligaments and capsule)
What are you observing in PROM?
Quality of movement
If there is further range than active
Any resistance or muscle spasm occurring
The range of movement achieved
What is empty end feel?
When extreme pain stops the movement from occcuring
If there is no pain in PROM what can we assume about the injury?
It is muscular in nature as there is no muscle action in PROM
State and describe the five types of end feel (excluding empty end feel)
Soft (soft tissue approximation) Hard (bony approximation e.g. elbow) Spongy (inflamed or effused joint) Soft with a hard end feel (capsular, ligament or muscle stretch) Muscle spasms can also cause end feel
What are capsular patterns?
Movements of the joint capsule in specific directions that signify a problem with the joint or joint capsule as movement is limited
What three things can cause capsular patterns?
Capsular contraction, muscle spasm and osteophyte formation
What three things may cause a non capsular pattern?
Internal derangement (e.g. meniscal tear) Extra-articular lesions (muscles or tendons) Single muscle involvement
What should you document when performing AROM? (8)
The joint tested Movement tested Wether it was active or passive The position of the patient Start and end position of pain ROM Quality of movement End feel
