MSK, ANTERIOR AND MEDIAL COMPARTMENTS OF THE THIGH Flashcards
femoral triangle
superior border: inguinal ligament
lateral border: sartorius muscle
medial border: adductor longus
femoral nerve
arises from the ventral rami of spinal nerves L2-L4
femoral artery
supplies the leg, thigh, and foot
femoral vein
accompanies the femoral artery; the great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein on its way back to the heart
lymph nodes of the femoral triangle
the superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes
femoral sheath
an extension of the transversalis fascia into the thigh that envelops the proximal end of the femoral artery and femoral vein and some deep inguinal lymph nodes
femoral canal
medial compartment of the femoral sheath that contains efferent lymphatic vessels and and a lymph node
femoral ring
the femoral ring is the base of the femoral canal
sartorius
Proximal Attachment: ASIS
Distal Attachment: Medial surface of proximal tibia
Innervation: Femoral nerve
Action: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg at knee joint
adductor longus
Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone
Distal Attachment: Linea aspera of the femur
Innervation: Obturator nerve
Action: Adducts thigh
deep artery of the thigh
the deep artery of the thigh courses parallel to the femoral artery but posterior to the adductor longus muscle; the deep artery of the thigh supplies the medial and posterior compartments of the thigh
lateral circumflex femoral artery
the lateral circumflex femoral artery usually arises from the deep artery of the thigh very close to the femoral artery. The lateral circumflex femoral artery passes laterally, deep to the proximal end of the rectus femoris muscle, and supplies the muscles and soft tissues of the lateral part of the thigh. It has three branches: ascending branch, transverse branch, and the descending branch (goes all the way down to the knee)
medial circumflex femoral artery
arises from the deep femoral artery to supply the hip and medial thigh; has ascending and descending branches
pectineus
Proximal Attachment: Pubis
Distal Attachment: Pectineal line of femur
Innervation: Femoral nerve; may get a twig from obturator nerve
Action: Adducts and flexes thigh
iliopsoas
combination of the psoas major and the iliacus at their inferior ends
Proximal Attachment: they both arise outside of the thigh area
Distal Attachment: Lesser trochanter of femur
Innervation: Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1-3) [psoas major]; Femoral nerve [iliacus]
Action: Flexes thigh
adductor canal
a fascial compartment located deep to the sartorius muscle that conducts the femoral artery and vein through the inferior part of the thigh. The adductor canal begins at the apex of the femoral triangle and ends at the adductor hiatus, which is located just above the knee
adductor hiatus
the femoral artery and vein pass through the adductor magnus muscle to reach the popliteal fossa in the back of the knee; this opening in the adductor magnus muscle is the adductor hiatus–the femoral artery moves distally through the adductor hiatus, where its name changes to popliteal artery
saphenous nerve
arises from the femoral nerve; it travels with the great saphenous vein and supplies the skin of the medial leg
rectus femoris muscle
Proximal Attachment: AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral nerve
Action: Extend legs / flexes thigh
vastus lateralis muscle
Proximal Attachment: Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Action: Extend leg
vastus medialis muscle
Proximal Attachment: Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Action: Extend leg
vastus intermedius muscle
Proximal Attachment: Shaft of the femur
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Action: Extend leg
tensor fasciae latae muscle
Proximal Attachment: anterior superior iliac spine
Distal Attachment: iliotibial tract
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abduct/medially rotate thigh
iliotibial tract (IT Band)
Proximal Attachment: tensor fasciae latae muscle
Distal Attachment: tibia
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Action: tenses the fasciae latae; abduction, flexion, and internal rotation at the hip joint
gracilis
Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone
Distal Attachment: Medial condyle of tibia
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2,3)
Action: Adducts thigh, flexes leg, helps rotate leg medially
adductor brevis
Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone
Distal Attachment: Pectineal line and linea aspera of the femur
Innervation: Obturator nerve
Action: Adducts thigh
obturator nerve
the obturator nerve arises from the ventral rami of the spinal nerves L2-L4; it supplies the muscles of the medial thigh and skin of the distal medial thigh; passes through the obturator canal and has anterior and posterior branches
adductor magnus muscle
Proximal Attachment: Adductor part- ischiopubic ramus; hamstring part- ischial tuberosity
Distal Attachment: Adductor part- shaft of the femur; hamstring part- adductor tubercle of the femur
Innervation: adductor part- obturator nerve; hamstring part- tibial division of sciatic nerve
Action: adductor part- adducts and flexes the thigh; hamstring part- adducts and extends the thigh
