MSK, ANTERIOR AND MEDIAL COMPARTMENTS OF THE THIGH Flashcards

1
Q

femoral triangle

A

superior border: inguinal ligament
lateral border: sartorius muscle
medial border: adductor longus

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2
Q

femoral nerve

A

arises from the ventral rami of spinal nerves L2-L4

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3
Q

femoral artery

A

supplies the leg, thigh, and foot

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4
Q

femoral vein

A

accompanies the femoral artery; the great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein on its way back to the heart

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5
Q

lymph nodes of the femoral triangle

A

the superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes

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6
Q

femoral sheath

A

an extension of the transversalis fascia into the thigh that envelops the proximal end of the femoral artery and femoral vein and some deep inguinal lymph nodes

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7
Q

femoral canal

A

medial compartment of the femoral sheath that contains efferent lymphatic vessels and and a lymph node

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8
Q

femoral ring

A

the femoral ring is the base of the femoral canal

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9
Q

sartorius

A

Proximal Attachment: ASIS
Distal Attachment: Medial surface of proximal tibia
Innervation: Femoral nerve
Action: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg at knee joint

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10
Q

adductor longus

A

Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone
Distal Attachment: Linea aspera of the femur
Innervation: Obturator nerve
Action: Adducts thigh

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11
Q

deep artery of the thigh

A

the deep artery of the thigh courses parallel to the femoral artery but posterior to the adductor longus muscle; the deep artery of the thigh supplies the medial and posterior compartments of the thigh

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12
Q

lateral circumflex femoral artery

A

the lateral circumflex femoral artery usually arises from the deep artery of the thigh very close to the femoral artery. The lateral circumflex femoral artery passes laterally, deep to the proximal end of the rectus femoris muscle, and supplies the muscles and soft tissues of the lateral part of the thigh. It has three branches: ascending branch, transverse branch, and the descending branch (goes all the way down to the knee)

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13
Q

medial circumflex femoral artery

A

arises from the deep femoral artery to supply the hip and medial thigh; has ascending and descending branches

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14
Q

pectineus

A

Proximal Attachment: Pubis
Distal Attachment: Pectineal line of femur
Innervation: Femoral nerve; may get a twig from obturator nerve
Action: Adducts and flexes thigh

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15
Q

iliopsoas

A

combination of the psoas major and the iliacus at their inferior ends

Proximal Attachment: they both arise outside of the thigh area
Distal Attachment: Lesser trochanter of femur
Innervation: Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1-3) [psoas major]; Femoral nerve [iliacus]
Action: Flexes thigh

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16
Q

adductor canal

A

a fascial compartment located deep to the sartorius muscle that conducts the femoral artery and vein through the inferior part of the thigh. The adductor canal begins at the apex of the femoral triangle and ends at the adductor hiatus, which is located just above the knee

17
Q

adductor hiatus

A

the femoral artery and vein pass through the adductor magnus muscle to reach the popliteal fossa in the back of the knee; this opening in the adductor magnus muscle is the adductor hiatus–the femoral artery moves distally through the adductor hiatus, where its name changes to popliteal artery

18
Q

saphenous nerve

A

arises from the femoral nerve; it travels with the great saphenous vein and supplies the skin of the medial leg

19
Q

rectus femoris muscle

A

Proximal Attachment: AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral nerve
Action: Extend legs / flexes thigh

20
Q

vastus lateralis muscle

A

Proximal Attachment: Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Action: Extend leg

21
Q

vastus medialis muscle

A

Proximal Attachment: Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Action: Extend leg

22
Q

vastus intermedius muscle

A

Proximal Attachment: Shaft of the femur
Distal Attachment: Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella; the patellar tendon attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral Nerve
Action: Extend leg

23
Q

tensor fasciae latae muscle

A

Proximal Attachment: anterior superior iliac spine
Distal Attachment: iliotibial tract
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Action: abduct/medially rotate thigh

24
Q

iliotibial tract (IT Band)

A

Proximal Attachment: tensor fasciae latae muscle
Distal Attachment: tibia
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Action: tenses the fasciae latae; abduction, flexion, and internal rotation at the hip joint

25
Q

gracilis

A

Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone
Distal Attachment: Medial condyle of tibia
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2,3)
Action: Adducts thigh, flexes leg, helps rotate leg medially

26
Q

adductor brevis

A

Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone
Distal Attachment: Pectineal line and linea aspera of the femur
Innervation: Obturator nerve
Action: Adducts thigh

27
Q

obturator nerve

A

the obturator nerve arises from the ventral rami of the spinal nerves L2-L4; it supplies the muscles of the medial thigh and skin of the distal medial thigh; passes through the obturator canal and has anterior and posterior branches

28
Q

adductor magnus muscle

A

Proximal Attachment: Adductor part- ischiopubic ramus; hamstring part- ischial tuberosity
Distal Attachment: Adductor part- shaft of the femur; hamstring part- adductor tubercle of the femur
Innervation: adductor part- obturator nerve; hamstring part- tibial division of sciatic nerve
Action: adductor part- adducts and flexes the thigh; hamstring part- adducts and extends the thigh