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Aaron Anatomy - Year 2 > MSK Anatomy Lower Limb 2 > Flashcards

MSK Anatomy Lower Limb 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The superior or proximal tibio-fibular joint is a type _______ of synovial joint

A

Synovial plane joint

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2
Q

The inferior or distal tibio- fibular joint is a ______type of joint

A

Fibrous Joint

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

Identify the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment

A
  1. Tibialis anterious
  2. Extensor Digitorum Longus
  3. Extensor Hallicus Longus
  4. Fibularis Tertius
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5
Q

Name the 4 movements of the ankle

A
  1. Plantar-flexion
  2. Dorsiflexion
  3. Eversion
  4. Inversion
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6
Q
A
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7
Q

Actions of these muscles on ankle joint

A

Dorsi flexion

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8
Q

Actions of these muscles on toes

A

Extension

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9
Q

What are the two divisions of the popliteal artery as it enters the leg

A

Anterior Tibial

Tibioperoneal Trunk

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10
Q

What are the two divisions of the sciatic nerve in the lower leg

A

Tibial

Common fibular (Peroneal)

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11
Q

Branches of common fibular nerve

A

Deep fibular - supplies anterior comparment of leg

Superficial Fibular

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

What are the two muscles of the lateral compartment

A

Fibularis (perioneus) Brevis

Fibularis (perioneusl) Longus

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14
Q

What is the function of the muscles of the lateral compartment at the ankle joint

(Fibularis Brevis & Longus)

A

Plantar flexion

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15
Q

Innervation of the of fibularis brevis & longus

A

Superficial Fibular nerve

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16
Q

Clinical significane of the common fibular nerve

A

Can get damaged in fractures of the fibular head leading to foot drop due to inability to dorsiflex

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17
Q

Where does the greater saphenous vein drain into

A

Femoral vein

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18
Q

Where does the lesser saphenous vein drain into

A

Popliteal vein

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19
Q
A

From top to bottom:

  1. Tendonous Sheath of Tibularis Anterior
  2. Dorsal Pedis Artery
  3. Tendinous Sheath of extensor Digitorum Longus & Fibularis Teritus
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20
Q

Which artery is the dorsal pedis a continuation of?

A

Anterior Tibial Artery

21
Q

What kind of joint is the ankle

A

Hinge joint

22
Q

Name the bones making up the ankle joint?

A

Tibia

Fibula

Talus

23
Q

When is the malleoulus grip the strongest and weakest

A

Strongest- Dorsiflexion

Weakest- Plantar flexion

24
Q

Label the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle

A
  1. Posterior talofibular
  2. Anterior tibiofibular
  3. Calcaneofibular
  4. Anterior talofibular
25
Q

Label the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle

A
  1. tibionavicular
  2. tibiocalcaneal
    aka: Deltoid ligaments
26
Q

Which of the lateral collateral ligaments are the weakest?

A

Anterior Tibiolofibular Ligament

27
Q

During which movements of the subtalar joint are ankle sprains more common?

A

Plantar flexion and inversion (on anterior talofibular ligament)

28
Q

State the muscles involvent in ankle dorsiflexion

A

Tibialis anterior

Extensor hallicus longus

Extensor digitorum longus

Fibularis tertius

29
Q

State the muscles involvent in ankle plantariflexion

A

Power plantar flexors:

Superficial: Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, Soleus

Deep: popliteus, tibialis posterior

Weak Plantar Plantar Flexors:

Fibularis Longus

Fibularis Brevis

30
Q

Label the popliteal fossa

A
  1. Biceps femoris
  2. Semimembranosus
  3. Semitendinosus
  4. Tibial nerve
  5. Popliteal artery
  6. Common fibular/peroneal nerve
31
Q

What is the relation of the popliteal artery to the popliteal vein

A

it lies anterior to it

32
Q

Which muscle forms the inferior boundary of popliteal fossa?

A

Gastrocnemius

33
Q

Which muscles form the superior boundaries of popliteal fossa?

A

Medial – Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus

Lateral: biceps femoris

34
Q

Contents of the popliteal fossa

A
  1. Fat
  2. Popliteal artery and vein
  3. Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
  4. small saphenous vein termination
  5. Tibial and common fibular (peroneal) nerve
  6. Popliteal Lymph Nodes and Vessels
36
Q

Which muscle innervates the gastrocnemius

A

Tibial Nerve

37
Q
A
  1. Popliteus
  2. flexor hallucis longus
  3. tibialis posterior
  4. flexor digitorum longus
39
Q
A
  1. Talus
  2. Calcaneus
  3. Navicular
  4. Cuboid
  5. Cuneiforms
  6. Metatarsals
40
Q

What is another name for the deep fascia of the under surface of the foot

A

Plantar fascia

41
Q

Name these two joints and what they do

A

The talonavicular joint (1), is a ball and socket joint which allows the foot to pivot from side to side.

The talocalcaneal joint (2), helps this process allowing for some lateral sliding movement

42
Q

Factors that maintain the integrity of the arch

A

Passive factors include:

1) Shape of the united bones
2) Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament or plantar ligament
3) Long plantar ligament
4) Short plantar ligament

Dynamic factors include:

1) Intrinsic muscles of the foot
2) Long flexor tendons
3) Tendon of tibialis anterior and fibularis longus

44
Q

What are the two terminal branches of the tibial nerve which innervates the intrinsic muscles of the foot?

A

The medial plantar and lateral plantar nerves

46
Q

Function of Interossei Muscles

A

These are subdivided into plantar interossei which adducts the digits and dorsal interossei which abducts the digits

47
Q

Function of deep muscles of the feet

A

adductors and short flexors of the toes.

48
Q

What are the 4 different layers of the sole of the foot?

A

First layer

Plantar aponeurosis

Second layer

Lateral plantar nerve and artery

Third layer

Medial planter nerve and artery

Fourth layer

Dorsal interossei

Plantar interossei

Aaron Anatomy - Year 2 (21 decks)

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