MSK Anatomy Lower Limb 2 Flashcards
The superior or proximal tibio-fibular joint is a type _______ of synovial joint
Synovial plane joint
The inferior or distal tibio- fibular joint is a ______type of joint
Fibrous Joint


Identify the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment

- Tibialis anterious
- Extensor Digitorum Longus
- Extensor Hallicus Longus
- Fibularis Tertius
Name the 4 movements of the ankle
- Plantar-flexion
- Dorsiflexion
- Eversion
- Inversion
Actions of these muscles on ankle joint

Dorsi flexion
Actions of these muscles on toes

Extension
What are the two divisions of the popliteal artery as it enters the leg
Anterior Tibial
Tibioperoneal Trunk

What are the two divisions of the sciatic nerve in the lower leg
Tibial
Common fibular (Peroneal)
Branches of common fibular nerve
Deep fibular - supplies anterior comparment of leg
Superficial Fibular


What are the two muscles of the lateral compartment
Fibularis (perioneus) Brevis
Fibularis (perioneusl) Longus

What is the function of the muscles of the lateral compartment at the ankle joint
(Fibularis Brevis & Longus)
Plantar flexion
Innervation of the of fibularis brevis & longus
Superficial Fibular nerve
Clinical significane of the common fibular nerve
Can get damaged in fractures of the fibular head leading to foot drop due to inability to dorsiflex
Where does the greater saphenous vein drain into
Femoral vein
Where does the lesser saphenous vein drain into
Popliteal vein

From top to bottom:
- Tendonous Sheath of Tibularis Anterior
- Dorsal Pedis Artery
- Tendinous Sheath of extensor Digitorum Longus & Fibularis Teritus
Which artery is the dorsal pedis a continuation of?
Anterior Tibial Artery

What kind of joint is the ankle
Hinge joint

Name the bones making up the ankle joint?
Tibia
Fibula
Talus
When is the malleoulus grip the strongest and weakest
Strongest- Dorsiflexion
Weakest- Plantar flexion
Label the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle

- Posterior talofibular
- Anterior tibiofibular
- Calcaneofibular
- Anterior talofibular
Label the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle

- tibionavicular
- tibiocalcaneal
aka: Deltoid ligaments
Which of the lateral collateral ligaments are the weakest?
Anterior Tibiolofibular Ligament
During which movements of the subtalar joint are ankle sprains more common?
Plantar flexion and inversion (on anterior talofibular ligament)
State the muscles involvent in ankle dorsiflexion
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallicus longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius

State the muscles involvent in ankle plantariflexion
Power plantar flexors:
Superficial: Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, Soleus
Deep: popliteus, tibialis posterior
Weak Plantar Plantar Flexors:
Fibularis Longus
Fibularis Brevis
Label the popliteal fossa

- Biceps femoris
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
- Tibial nerve
- Popliteal artery
- Common fibular/peroneal nerve
What is the relation of the popliteal artery to the popliteal vein
it lies anterior to it
Which muscle forms the inferior boundary of popliteal fossa?
Gastrocnemius

Which muscles form the superior boundaries of popliteal fossa?
Medial – Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus
Lateral: biceps femoris

Contents of the popliteal fossa
- Fat
- Popliteal artery and vein
- Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
- small saphenous vein termination
- Tibial and common fibular (peroneal) nerve
- Popliteal Lymph Nodes and Vessels



Which muscle innervates the gastrocnemius
Tibial Nerve

- Popliteus
- flexor hallucis longus
- tibialis posterior
- flexor digitorum longus



- Talus
- Calcaneus
- Navicular
- Cuboid
- Cuneiforms
- Metatarsals
What is another name for the deep fascia of the under surface of the foot
Plantar fascia
Name these two joints and what they do

The talonavicular joint (1), is a ball and socket joint which allows the foot to pivot from side to side.
The talocalcaneal joint (2), helps this process allowing for some lateral sliding movement
Factors that maintain the integrity of the arch
Passive factors include:
1) Shape of the united bones
2) Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament or plantar ligament
3) Long plantar ligament
4) Short plantar ligament
Dynamic factors include:
1) Intrinsic muscles of the foot
2) Long flexor tendons
3) Tendon of tibialis anterior and fibularis longus


What are the two terminal branches of the tibial nerve which innervates the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
The medial plantar and lateral plantar nerves


Function of Interossei Muscles
These are subdivided into plantar interossei which adducts the digits and dorsal interossei which abducts the digits
Function of deep muscles of the feet
adductors and short flexors of the toes.
What are the 4 different layers of the sole of the foot?
First layer
Plantar aponeurosis
Second layer
Lateral plantar nerve and artery
Third layer
Medial planter nerve and artery
Fourth layer
Dorsal interossei
Plantar interossei