MSK Anatomy Lower Limb 2

Question 1

The superior or proximal tibio-fibular joint is a type _______ of synovial joint

Answer 1

Synovial plane joint

Question 2

The inferior or distal tibio- fibular joint is a ______type of joint

Answer 2

Fibrous Joint

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Identify the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment

Answer 4

1. Tibialis anterious
2. Extensor Digitorum Longus
3. Extensor Hallicus Longus
4. Fibularis Tertius

Question 5

Name the 4 movements of the ankle

Answer 5

1. Plantar-flexion
2. Dorsiflexion
3. Eversion
4. Inversion

Question 7

Actions of these muscles on ankle joint

Answer 7

Dorsi flexion

Question 8

Actions of these muscles on toes

Answer 8

Extension

Question 9

What are the two divisions of the popliteal artery as it enters the leg

Answer 9

Anterior Tibial

Tibioperoneal Trunk

Question 10

What are the two divisions of the sciatic nerve in the lower leg

Answer 10

Tibial

Common fibular (Peroneal)

Question 11

Branches of common fibular nerve

Answer 11

Deep fibular - supplies anterior comparment of leg

Superficial Fibular

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

What are the two muscles of the lateral compartment

Answer 13

Fibularis (perioneus) Brevis

Fibularis (perioneusl) Longus

Question 14

What is the function of the muscles of the lateral compartment at the ankle joint

(Fibularis Brevis & Longus)

Answer 14

Plantar flexion

Question 15

Innervation of the of fibularis brevis & longus

Answer 15

Superficial Fibular nerve

Question 16

Clinical significane of the common fibular nerve

Answer 16

Can get damaged in fractures of the fibular head leading to foot drop due to inability to dorsiflex

Question 17

Where does the greater saphenous vein drain into

Answer 17

Femoral vein

Question 18

Where does the lesser saphenous vein drain into

Answer 18

Popliteal vein

Question 19

Answer 19

From top to bottom:

1. Tendonous Sheath of Tibularis Anterior
2. Dorsal Pedis Artery
3. Tendinous Sheath of extensor Digitorum Longus & Fibularis Teritus

Question 20

Which artery is the dorsal pedis a continuation of?

Answer 20

Anterior Tibial Artery

Question 21

What kind of joint is the ankle

Answer 21

Hinge joint

Question 22

Name the bones making up the ankle joint?

Answer 22

Tibia

Fibula

Talus

Question 23

When is the malleoulus grip the strongest and weakest

Answer 23

Strongest- Dorsiflexion

Weakest- Plantar flexion

Question 24

Label the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle

Answer 24

3. Posterior talofibular
4. Anterior tibiofibular
5. Calcaneofibular
6. Anterior talofibular

Question 25

Label the medial collateral ligaments of the ankle

Answer 25

1. tibionavicular 2. tibiocalcaneal aka: Deltoid ligaments

Question 26

Which of the lateral collateral ligaments are the weakest?

Answer 26

Anterior Tibiolofibular Ligament

Question 27

During which movements of the subtalar joint are ankle sprains more common?

Answer 27

Plantar flexion and inversion (on anterior talofibular ligament)

Question 28

State the muscles involvent in ankle dorsiflexion

Answer 28

Tibialis anterior Extensor hallicus longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius

Question 29

State the muscles involvent in ankle plantariflexion

Answer 29

Power plantar flexors: Superficial: Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, Soleus Deep: popliteus, tibialis posterior Weak Plantar Plantar Flexors: Fibularis Longus Fibularis Brevis

Question 30

Label the popliteal fossa

Answer 30

1. Biceps femoris 2. Semimembranosus 3. Semitendinosus 4. Tibial nerve 5. Popliteal artery 6. Common fibular/peroneal nerve

Question 31

What is the relation of the popliteal artery to the popliteal vein

Answer 31

it lies anterior to it

Question 32

Which muscle forms the inferior boundary of popliteal fossa?

Answer 32

Gastrocnemius

Question 33

Which muscles form the superior boundaries of popliteal fossa?

Answer 33

Medial – Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus Lateral: biceps femoris

Question 34

Contents of the popliteal fossa

Answer 34

1. Fat 2. Popliteal artery and vein 3. Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh 4. small saphenous vein termination 5. Tibial and common fibular (peroneal) nerve 6. Popliteal Lymph Nodes and Vessels

Question 35

Answer 35

Question 36

Which muscle innervates the gastrocnemius

Answer 36

Tibial Nerve

Question 37

Answer 37

1. Popliteus 2. flexor hallucis longus 3. tibialis posterior 4. flexor digitorum longus

Question 38

Answer 38

Question 39

Answer 39

1. Talus 2. Calcaneus 3. Navicular 4. Cuboid 5. Cuneiforms 6. Metatarsals

Question 40

What is another name for the deep fascia of the under surface of the foot

Answer 40

Plantar fascia

Question 41

Name these two joints and what they do

Answer 41

The talonavicular joint (1), is a ball and socket joint which allows the foot to pivot from side to side. The talocalcaneal joint (2), helps this process allowing for some lateral sliding movement

Question 42

Factors that maintain the integrity of the arch

Answer 42

Passive factors include: 1) Shape of the united bones 2) Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament or plantar ligament 3) Long plantar ligament 4) Short plantar ligament Dynamic factors include: 1) Intrinsic muscles of the foot 2) Long flexor tendons 3) Tendon of tibialis anterior and fibularis longus

Question 43

Answer 43

Question 44

What are the two terminal branches of the tibial nerve which innervates the intrinsic muscles of the foot?

Answer 44

The medial plantar and lateral plantar nerves

Question 45

Answer 45

Question 46

Function of Interossei Muscles

Answer 46

These are subdivided into plantar interossei which adducts the digits and dorsal interossei which abducts the digits

Question 47

Function of deep muscles of the feet

Answer 47

adductors and short flexors of the toes.

Question 48

What are the 4 different layers of the sole of the foot?

Answer 48

First layer Plantar aponeurosis Second layer Lateral plantar nerve and artery Third layer Medial planter nerve and artery Fourth layer Dorsal interossei Plantar interossei