MSK 2

Question 1

how is scoliosis named

Answer 1

by is canvexity

what side the hump is towards

Question 2

what is the cobb angle

Answer 2

looking at the apex of the tilted vert

generally we need a 10-deg deviation to define scoliosis

Question 3

tural exam scoliosis

Answer 3

rib hump

unven skin folds

response of the rest of the body - uneven shoulders

Question 4

why is scoliosis bad

Answer 4

compression of the organs

change in body mechanics

pain

reduced flexablity

Question 5

what is the adams forward test

Answer 5

this is a clinical test used to ID scoliosis

Question 6

infant scoliosis

Answer 6

resolves itself

Question 7

juvenile scoliosis

Answer 7

3 and 9

result in a large deformity if it is not treated

Question 8

teenage scoliosis

Answer 8

puberty onset

80%of idopathic causes

Question 9

what are some causes of scoliosis

Answer 9

familial

insufficent costalvert ligament

asym weakness of the paraspinal muscluature

unequal distribution of the type 1 and type 2 muscle fibers

collagen abnormalities

Question 10

failure of formation scoliosis

Answer 10

vert that did not form fully

Question 11

failure of segmentation scoliosis

Answer 11

the segments are not seperated

Question 12

what happens in the case of scoliosis caused by neuromuscular issues

Answer 12

muscle weakness and spascity results in muscle imbalance around the spine

Question 13

at what deg can scoliosis be treated with conservative measures

Answer 13

less then 40 -deg

Question 14

conservative tretament for scoliosis

Answer 14

this does not fix the issue this stops the progression

exercise does nothing

schorth method

orthopedic management

Question 15

what is kyphosis

Answer 15

seen in the saggital plane

Question 16

type one kyphosis

Answer 16

more common

involves the thoracic spine

Question 17

type two kyphosis

Answer 17

involves both the thorcic and the lumbar spine

lumbar spine intro brings a lot of new problems

Question 18

what is blouts disease

Answer 18

disorder of the proximal epip plate of the tibia

medial growth of the epip stop while the lateral growth continues

this results in a deformity

Question 19

what is the intervention for blouts disease

Answer 19

bracing -HKAFO

surgery - hemi (guided growth) or osteo

Question 20

what is the function of a HKAFO

Answer 20

this provides support and guides growth

Question 21

what is a osteotomy

Answer 21

surgical operation whereby a bone is cut to shorten or lengthen it or to change its alignment

Question 22

hemiepiphysiodesis

Answer 22

aims at altering or stopping the bone growth naturally occurring through the growth plate also known as the physeal plate

Question 23

growth plate injury - partial closure

Answer 23

damage section stops growing

undamaged section continues to grow

leading to bone asym

Question 24

growth plate injury - complete closure

Answer 24

no growth

causes aysm between the limbs

Question 25

salter harris - type 1

Answer 25

growing zone is not injured

Question 26

salter harris - type 2

Answer 26

minimal shortening - rare functional impairments

Question 27

salter harris - 3

Answer 27

chronic disbality

no sig deformity

surgery needed

Question 28

salter harris - 4

Answer 28

chronic disbality

cause deformity at the joint

surgery needed

Question 29

salter harris - 5

Answer 29

growth disturbances

poor functionla prognosis