cradiopulm

Question 1

when does the cario system being to develope

Answer 1

19 of gestation

HB 8-10 weeks of gestation

Question 2

heart transition to birth

Answer 2

closure of the foramen ovale, ductus venosus, ductus arteriosis

Question 3

when does the pulm syst begin to develope

Answer 3

21 - 28 days gest

full maturation 18-20 yo

Question 4

what part of the pulm system does not fully develop until we are full term

Answer 4

avelolar

Question 5

lung transition to birth

Answer 5

fluid replaced by air

alvelio continue to grow in numbe and size - until 4 yo

Question 6

lung continue to devlope until what age

Answer 6

18-20

Question 7

first trimester what is developed

Answer 7

heart

Question 8

2nd trimester what is developed

Answer 8

lungs

Question 9

3rd trimester what is developed

Answer 9

brain

Question 10

what is a congential heart defect

Answer 10

existing at brith

when the blood vessels near the heart or heart do not develop correctly

Question 11

Congential heart defect two categories

Answer 11

cyanotic (blue babies)
and
a-cyanotic

Question 12

cyanotic defect characteristics - direction of blood flow

Answer 12

right to left

Question 13

cyanotic defect characteristics - condition of blood

Answer 13

de-oxy

Question 14

cyanotic defect characteristics - cyanosis

Answer 14

present

Question 15

acyanotic defect characteristics -direction of blood flow

Answer 15

left to right

Question 16

acyanotic defect characteristics - condition of blood

Answer 16

oxy

Question 17

acyanotic defect characteristics - cyanosis

Answer 17

absent

Question 18

what are the type of cyanotic defects

Answer 18

tetralogy of fallot

transposition of the great arteries

tricuspid atresia

hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Question 19

tetralogy of fallot

Answer 19

there is a hole between the lower chambers of the heart - aorta is above the whole

obstructs pathway between the heart and the lungs

hypertrophy of right lower chamber

Question 20

transposition of the great arteries

Answer 20

two main arteries carrying blood away from the heart are reversed.

• body–heart –body (without being routed to the lungs for oxygen)
• lungs–heart–lungs (without delivering oxygen to the body)

Question 21

tricuspid atresia

Answer 21

The valve isn’t formed between the two right heart chambers. Instead, a solid sheet of tissue blocks the blood flow between the right heart chambers

Question 22

hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Answer 22

left side of the heart is extremely underdeveloped.

right side of the heart must pump blood to the lungs and to the rest of the body.

Question 23

examples of acyan defects

Answer 23

coarctation of the aorta

arterial septal defect

ventricular septal defect

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 24

coarctation of the aorta

Answer 24

A narrowing of the aorta that carries blood to the body.

• Decreased blood flow to the upper and lower extremities
• Causes high blood pressure and possibly heart damage over time

Question 25

arterial septal defect

Answer 25

defect in the septum between the heart's two upper chambers (atria) oxygen-rich blood to leak into the oxygen-poor blood chambers in the heart Infants may have poor appetite, impaired growth, shortness of breath, fatigue, and are at a higher risk for lung infections

Question 26

ventricular septal defect

Answer 26

- hole occurs in the wall that separates the heart's lower chambers (ventricles). - Sx: o Poor eating o Slow or no physical growth (failure to thrive) o Fast breathing or breathlessness o Easy tiring

Question 27

patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 27

A hole that allows the blood to skip the lung - Allows oxy blood into the pulm vessel - leads to: stress on the heart - Sx: SOB, fatigue, rapid breathing acute cyan - managed acyan

Question 28

new born ribs

Answer 28

wide and flared less lung compliance

Question 29

adult ribs

Answer 29

enlongated

Question 30

physiological difference adults and children ribs

Answer 30

decreased lung compliance crease chest wall compliance irregularity of the respiratory sys decrease type 1 fibers in the diaphragm

Question 31

decreased lung compliance

Answer 31

increased work of bretahing

Question 32

crease chest wall compliance

Answer 32

small airway size --> increased risk of airway obstruction

Question 33

irregularity of the respiratory sys

Answer 33

increased risk of apnea, brady, destruction events

Question 34

decrease type 1 fibers in the diaphragm

Answer 34

respiratory infections

Question 35

does HR increase or decrease with age

Answer 35

decrease high - the volume that we are moving is low

Question 36

does RR increase or decrease with age

Answer 36

decrease

Question 37

does sBP increase or decrease with age

Answer 37

increase

Question 38

does dBP increase or decrease with age

Answer 38

increase

Question 39

new born HR

Answer 39

90-180

Question 40

new born RR

Answer 40

30-50

Question 41

new born sBP

Answer 41

60 +/- 10

Question 42

new born dBP

Answer 42

37 +/- 10

Question 43

0-3 chest wall development

Answer 43

triangular

Question 44

pediatric condition with decreased activity

Answer 44

cerebral plasy spina bifida muscular dystrophy spinal muscle atrophy obesity