MS LEC Monthlies Patient with long term illness Flashcards
Produces symptoms soon after the exposure to the cause
rapid onset, short duration
acute
Long term illness; condition involving structure as function which continues over an extended period of time
chronic
require long-term management; more than 3 months
chronic
a group or list of management, medical or otherwise, to help control and prevent complications
treatment regimens
Reasons for an Increase in Chronic Conditions
- decrease in mortality from infectious diseases
- longer life spans
- improved screening and diagnostic procedures
- prompt and aggressive management
- advancing age
- modern lifestyle factors
characteristics of chronic conditions
- involves more than managing medical problems
- involves different phases over the course
- requires strict adherence to treatment
- can lead to other chronic conditions
- affects the whole family
- major responsibility lies on the chronically ill patient and family
- management is a process of discovery
- a collaborative process
- expensive
- can raise difficult ethical issues
- means living with uncertainty
handout: characteristics of chronic illness
- insidious onset
- long course
- non-correctable changes that leads to progressive changes
- left over disabilities
- partial recovery, permanence
- remissions and exacerbations
- long period of care
the period during which the disease is controlled and symptoms are not obvious
remissions
the activation of the disease and the recurrence of pronounced symptoms; may lead to hospitalization
exacerbations
chronic illness incidence
45-65 years old
Elucidate
- acute illness may become chronic
- chronic illness may have an acute exacerbation
- an acutely ill person may have an underlying chronic condition
physical effects of chronic illness
- physical limitations
- invalidism
- deformities and contractures
psycho-social effects of chronic illness
- social
- financial
- emotional
implications for nursing
- holistic approach
- requires knowledge: social sciences, psychology
- client’s response may be different from expectations
Phases of Chronic Illness
- Pre-trajectory
- trajectory
- stable
- unstable
- acute
- crisis
- comeback
- downward
- dying
chronic phase: pre trajectory
at risk for developing chronic illness
chronic phase: trajectory
onset of symptoms or disability
chronic phase: stable
symptoms and disability are managed adequately
chronic phase: unstable
period of exacerbations, complications, reactivation
chronic phase: acute
sudden onset of severe or unrelieved symptoms; may require hospitalization
chronic phase: crisis
critical or life-threatening; needs emergency treatment
chronic phase: comeback
recovery after an acute period
chronic phase: downward
worsening of a condition
chronic phase: dying
gradual or rapid decline of trajectory despite efforts
care by phase: applying the nursing process
- identifying the trajectory phase
- establishing goals
- establishing a plan to achieve desired outcomes
- identifying factors that facilitate or hinder attainment of goals
- implementing interventions
- evaluating the effectiveness
other forms of long term care
- sub acute or transitional care
- assisted living facility
- adult day care
- home care
- hospice
not well or strong, disabled by illness
invalid
lack of physical and mental fitness
disability
renders success more difficult
handicap
condition which lessens or limits function below normal
impairment
a partially disabled person
cripple
factors influencing a patient’s need
- medical diagnosis
- age
- support systems
- prognosis
areas to be considered in prevention and control
- health promotion
- specific prevention
- early recognition
- prompt and adequate treatment
- rehabilitation
