MS LEC Monthlies Death and Dying Flashcards
subjective; Any situation, either actual, potential, or perceived, wherein a valued object or person is changed or no longer accessible to the individual
loss
Loss of someone or something, such as the death of a loved one or the theft of one’s property
actual loss
sense of loss felt by an individual but not tangible to others, such as the perceived loss of self-esteem of a student who was not accepted into a nursing program
perceived loss
Loss of a part or aspect of the body, such as the loss of an extremity in an accident, scarring from burns, or permanent injury
physical loss
Emotional loss, such as a woman feeling inadequate after menopause
psychological loss
A series of intense physical and psychological responses that occur following a loss
grief
The period of time during which grief is expressed and resolution and integration of the loss occur
6 months
there is always resolution after grief
mourning
first 2 weeks
The period of grief following the death of a loved one
Period when sadness is really expressed
bereavement
Kubler-Ross Stages of Grieving
- Denial
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
Overall right of a person in relation to death
to die in comfort, peace, and dignity
physiologic needs of dying persons
- relief of pain/control of pain
- airway clearance
- personal hygiene
- physical mobility
- nutrition and hydration
- bladder and bowel elimination
- sensory and perceptual changes
spiritual needs of dying person
- forgiveness and reconciliation
- prayer and religious services
- spiritual assistance
- peace and tranquility in spirit
signs of impending clinical death
- loss of muscle tone
- slowing of circulation
- changes in respiration
- sensory impairment
changes in respiration
Rapid, shallow, irregular, slow respirations
death rattle, noisy breathing
care after death: post mortem care
Given immediately after death but before the body is moved to the mortuary
Providing a bed bath before wrapping him up
no pulse, no breathing; absence of beating heart; Occurs at the time of cardiac and respiratory arrest
clinical death
Can be determined by cellular activities; irreversible; body cells have become anoxic; go against entropy
occurs 3 to 8 minutes later
biological death
Absence of brain patterns that determine you’re still alive
brain death
In religious books, you may find skeletons, bones, images of death; postcards
memento mori
Body temperature decrease
initially 2 degrees in the 1st 2 hours; 1 degree/hour
loss of skin elasticity
algor mortis
Blush-purple discoloration of the skin, usually at pressure points, that is a by product of red blood cell destruction
cellular death
liver mortis
2 to 4 hours after death
only for 4-8 hours
The body stiffens due to contraction of skeletal and
smooth muscles
Occurs because ATP and calcium is released into the muscle
rigor mortis
Does not understand concept of death; death is reversible
Infancy to 5 years
Understands the death is final; death can be avoided; aggression and violence; wishes of unrelated actions
5 to 9 years
Understands death as the inevitable and of life; begins to understand mortality; afterlife and fear
9 to 12 years
May fantasize that death can be defied; Seldom thinks about death; May still hold concepts from previous developmental stages
12 to 18 years
Has attitude toward death influenced by religious and cultural beliefs; more mature and accepts death
18 to 45 years
Accepts own mortality; peak of death anxiety; Encounters death of parents and
some peers
45 to 65 years
fears prolonged illness; death of family; death as having multiple meanings; needs to look for new meaning
65+ years
