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Math Terms > MS General Math Terms > Flashcards

MS General Math Terms Flashcards

Vocabulary Review of General Terms

1
Q

Absolute Value

A

the distance between the number and 0 on a number line

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2
Q

acute triangle

A

a triangle with 3 acute angles

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3
Q

additive identity property

A

The sum of a number and zero is always that number.

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4
Q

additive inverse property

A

The sum of a number and its opposite is zero.

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5
Q

Algebraic Expression

A

math phrase that uses variables, numbers and operation symbols

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6
Q

annual interest rate

A

the percent of the principal you pay or earn a year

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7
Q

area

A

the number of square units needed to cover a flat surface

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8
Q

Associative Property of Addition

A

changing the grouping of terms will not change the sum, (a + b) + c = a + (b + c); ex: (5+3) + 1 = 5 + (3 + 1)

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9
Q

Associative Property of Multiplication

A

States that changing grouping of factors does not change the product. (a*b)c = a(b*c); ex: (2 * 6) * 7 = 2 * (6 * 7)

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10
Q

bar graph

A

a type of graph in which the lengths of bars are used to represent and compare data in categories

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11
Q

box and whisker plot

A

a diagram that summarizes data using the median, the upper and lower quartiles, and upper and lower extremes.

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12
Q

center

A

the point in the exact middle of a circle

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13
Q

circle

A

is the set of all points that are an equal distance from a point called the center

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14
Q

circumference

A

The distance around a circle.

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15
Q

Coefficient

A

A number multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression; a constant number that serves as a measure of some property or characteristic

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16
Q

commutative property of addition

A

In a sum, you can add terms in any order, a + b = b + a

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17
Q

Commutative Property of Multiplication

A

Changing the order of the factors does not change the product; for example 10 x 9 = 9 x 10; a * b = b * a

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18
Q

complimentary angles

A

angles that add up to 90 degrees

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19
Q

composite

A

a number that has more than two factors

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20
Q

congruent angles

A

angles with the same measure

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21
Q

Constant

A

Numeric value that does not change

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22
Q

Coordinate Plane (Coordinate Grid)

A

The plane formed by 2 number lines that intersect at their zero points dividing the plane into 4 quadrants; A coordinate system formed by the intersection of a horizontal number line, called the x-axis, and a vertical number line, called the y-axis.

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23
Q

diameter

A

the distance across a circle through its center (is also twice the radius)

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24
Q

discount

A

a decrease in the price of an item

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25
Q

Distributive Property

A

a property indicating a special way in which multiplication is applied to addition of two or more numbers in which each term inside a set of parentheses can be multiplied by a factor outside the parentheses, such as a(b + c) = ab + ac; ex: 4(3 + 8) = 4(3) + 4(8)

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26
Q

equilateral triangle

A

a triangle with three equal sides

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27
Q

Equivalent Fractions

A

Fractions that name the same amount or part, 1/2 and 2/4 are equivalent fractions

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28
Q

experimental probability

A

probability based on what happens when an experiment is actually done

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29
Q

Exponent

A

The number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor

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30
Q

Factor

A

any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together; 3 is a factor of 9

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31
Q

favorable outcome

A

the outcome you would perfer happen.

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32
Q

Fraction Form

A

Specific form of representing ratios - examples - a/b or 2/3 (denominator cannot be zero)

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33
Q

frequency table

A

A table that lists items together according to its interval which is the number of times, or frequency, that the items occur http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2044/2353314675_5573442c74.jpg

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34
Q

Function

A

An input-output relationship that has exactly one output for each input; An equation written with two variables where only one output exists for each input; example: y = 2x +1

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35
Q

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

A

The largest common factor of two or more given numbers; The GCF of 27 and 45 is 9.

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36
Q

histogram

A

A bar graph where the bars touch, where the height of each bar indicates its frequency, and where data is grouped into intervals http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1146/671776081_2e2a57d957.jpg

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37
Q

hypotenuse

A

the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle, also the longest side of a right triangle

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38
Q

Improper Fraction

A

A fraction in which the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator; examples: 5/5 or 7/4

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39
Q

Inequality

A

A statement that compares two quantities using greater than, less than, or equal to

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40
Q

integers

A

Positive and Negative Whole Numbers and 0

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41
Q

interest

A

is the amount paid for borrowing or lending money

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42
Q

Inverse Operation

A

operations that undo each other, such as addition and subtraction

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43
Q

Inverse Property

A

The operation which undoes an operation - the opposite operation: subtraction is the inverse of addition, addition is the inverse of subtraction; division is the inverse of multiplication, multiplication is the inverse of division, square root is the opposite of squaring a number

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44
Q

Irrational Number

A

a real number that cannot be expressed as a rational number, written as a/b

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45
Q

isosceles triangle

A

a triangle with two equal sides

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46
Q

least common denominator

A

The least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions.

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47
Q

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

A

The smallest number, other than zero, that is a multiple of two or more given numbers; The LCM of 10 and 18 is 90.

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48
Q

legs

A

the two sides that make up the right angle in a right triangle

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49
Q

Like Terms

A

Expressions that contain the same variables to the same power

50
Q

line of symmetry

A

a line that divides a figure into two halves that are mirror images of each other

51
Q

Linear Equation

A

An equation whose solutions form a straight line on a coordinate plane; example: y = 3x - 1

52
Q

markup

A

the amount the price of an item is increased above the price the store is paid for the item

53
Q

mean

A

the sum of the values in a data set divided by the number of values in the set

54
Q

median

A

is the middle value in a data set where the numbers are ordered least to greatest

55
Q

mode

A

is the value in a data set that occurs most often. If all values occur the same amount of times there is no mode for that set.

56
Q

multiple

A

skip-counting by any given number

57
Q

Multiple

A

the product of a quantity by an integer; example 24 is a multiple of 3 and 8

58
Q

multiplication identity property

A

The product of any number and one is that number.

59
Q

Multiplicative Inverse

A

The reciprocal of a number.

60
Q

net

A

a two-dimensional pattern that forms a three-dimensional solid when formed

61
Q

Numerical Expression

A

An expression that contains only numbers and operations (2 ? 3) + 1

62
Q

obtuse triangle

A

a triangle with one obtuse angle

63
Q

odds

A

the ratio of the number of ways the event can occur to the number of ways the event cannot occur. Favorable over Unfavorable.

64
Q

Opposites

A

two numbers that have the same absolute value but have different signs

65
Q

Order of Operations

A

the order in which operations in an expression to be evaluated are carried out. 1. parentheses 2. exponets 3. multiplication and divison 4. addition and subtraction

66
Q

Ordered Pair

A

a pair of numbers that can be used to locate a point in a coordinate plane. The first number is the x-coordinate, and the second number is the y-coordinate

67
Q

Origin

A

The point where the x-axis and y-axis intersect on the coordinate plane; (0, 0).

68
Q

parallel lines

A

two lines that never intersect

69
Q

parallelogram

A

A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides

70
Q

percent

A

a ratio whose denominator is 100

71
Q

perfect square

A

a number that has a whole number for a square root ex: 9, 16, 121

72
Q

perimeter

A

The sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon

73
Q

perpendicular lines

A

two lines that intersect to form a right angle

74
Q

pie graph

A

a graph that best shows part of a whole or the percentage out of 100%

75
Q

Prime Factorization

A

A number written as the product of its prime factors; examples: 10 = 2 ? 5, 24 = 2^3 ? 3 (^3 means the 3 is written smaller and to the upper right of 2).

76
Q

prime number

A

A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.

77
Q

principal

A

the original amount of money loaned or borrowed

78
Q

probability of an event

A

number of favorable outcomes divided by total number of possible outcomes

79
Q

Product

A

a quantity obtained by multiplication; the answer to a multiplication problem

80
Q

Proportion

A

statement that two fractions or ratios are equal

81
Q

Pythagorean Theorem

A

aý+bý=cý

82
Q

Quadrant

A

The x- and y-axes divide the coordinate plane into four regions. Each region is called a quadrant.

83
Q

Quotient

A

the number obtained by division; the ratio of two quantities to be divided; the answer to a division problem

84
Q

radius

A

a line segment from the center of a circle to any point on the circle (is also half the diameter)

85
Q

range

A

is the difference of the greatest value and the least value in a set of data.

86
Q

rate

A

a ratio that compares two quantities measured in different units

87
Q

Ratio

A

A comparison of two quantities, may be directly represented by numbers and or variables

88
Q

Ratio Form

A

Specific form of representing ratios - examples - a:b or 2:3

89
Q

Rational Number

A

A number that can be written as a/b where a and b are integers, but b is not equal to 0; an integer or a fraction; examples: 6 can be expressed as 6/1; 0.5 can be expressed as 1/2.

90
Q

Real Number

A

all rational or irrational numbers; real numbers can be represented on the real number line

91
Q

Reciprocal

A

(mathematics) one of a pair of numbers whose product is 1: the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2; a fraction that has been flipped. The reciprocal of 3/4 is 4/3.

92
Q

reflection

A

A transformation that “flips” a figure over the x or y axis

93
Q

Repeating Decimal

A

A decimal in which one or more digits repeat infinitely; The repeating portion of the decimal is shown with a short line drawn over the repeating numbers.

94
Q

rhombus

A

a parallelogram with four equal sides

95
Q

right triangle

A

A triangle that has a 90 degree angle.

96
Q

rotation

A

a transformation that turns the original figure around the origin 90, 180, or 270 degrees clockwise or counter clockwise

97
Q

Scale

A

the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it

98
Q

scale factor

A

the number used to enlarge or reduce similar figures

99
Q

scalene triangle

A

a triangle with no equal sides

100
Q

scientific notation

A

a method of writing very large or very small numbers by using powers of 10

101
Q

Sequence

A

An ordered list or numbers; example: 2,4,6,8,10…

102
Q

Similar

A

same shape, but different size

103
Q

similar figures

A

figures that have the same shape but different sizes; their angles are congruent and their sides are proportional

104
Q

slope

A

the steepness of a line on a graph, rise over run

105
Q

slope intercept form

A

y = mx + b

106
Q

stem and leaf plot

A

A data display that shows groups of data arranged in order by place value.

107
Q

supplementary angles

A

angles whose sum is 180 degrees

108
Q

surface area

A

The total area of the 2-dimensional surfaces that make up a 3-dimensional object.

109
Q

Term

A

the number or an expression that is separated by addition and subtraction signs

110
Q

Terminating Decimal

A

A decimal number that ends or terminates; example: 6.75

111
Q

theoretical probability

A

what should occur in a probability experiment…an experiment is not actually done

112
Q

translation

A

moves each point in a figure the same distance and direction, the new image is congruent to the original

113
Q

trapezoid

A

a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides

114
Q

unit rate

A

a rate that has a denominator of 1

115
Q

Variable

A

a symbol (like x or y) that is used in mathematical or logical expressions to represent a variable quantity; in the expression 2x + 3, x is the variable

116
Q

Verbal Ratio Form

A

Specific form of representing ratios - examples - a to b or 2 to 3

117
Q

vertical angles

A

a pair of opposite congruent angles formed by intersecting lines

118
Q

volume

A

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

119
Q

x-intercept

A

the point where a graph crosses the x-axis

120
Q

y-intercept

A

the point where a graph crosses the y-axis

Math Terms (9 decks)

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