Geometry Flashcards
Learn Geometry Terms
pyramid
polygon for a base and triangular sides; they are named by their polygon base
prism
2 parallel polygons for bases and rectangular sides; they are named by their polygon bases
cube
a special rectangular prism made of square bases and sides
cone
circular base and a curved surface and one vertex (point) (when the curved surface is spread out flat, it is similar to a triangle)
cylinder
2 parallel circular bases and a curved surface (when the curved surface is spread out flat, it is in the shape of a rectangle
surface area
the total area of all the sides of a 3-D shape
area of a triangle
½ times base times height
area of a rectangle
length times width
area of a circle
pi times radius squared pi times radius times radius
surface area of rectangular prism
two times the quantity length times width plus length times height plus width times height
surface area of cube
six times length of side squared six times length of side times length of side
surface area of cylinder
the quantity two times pi times radius times height end quantity plus the quantity two times pi times radius squared
surface area of cube
six times length of side squared six times length of side times length of side
surface area of cylinder
the quantity two times pi times radius times height end quantity plus the quantity two times pi times radius squared
volume
amount of space enclosed in a solid Note: B is area of base
volume
amount of space enclosed in a solid Note: B is area of base
90-x
complement of an angle
(ab)ⁿ
aⁿbⁿ (Raising a product to a power)
a⁰
1
(M × 10ⁿ)/(N x 10₂)
(M/N) × 10ⁿ⁻²
a⁴
a・a・a・a
5.704 × 10⁻⁸
0.00000005704
Acute Triangle
A triangle with three acute angles
a⁻ ⁿ
1/aⁿ (Negative Exponents)
adjacent angles
two angles that share a side, share a vertex, and have no common interior point
a¹
a
a⁴
a・a・a・a
aⁿa²
aⁿ⁺² (Product Rule)
Acute Angle
An angle that is smaller than a right angle (<90⁰)
Addition Property
If a = b, then a + c = b + c.
Addition Property
If a = b, then a + c = b + c.
adjacent angles
two angles that share a side, share a vertex, and have no common interior point
aⁿ/a²
aⁿ⁻² (Quotient Rule)
angle
two rays that share an endpoint
angle bisector
rays, line segments, or lines that divide and angle into two equal parts
AREA
the measurement of a two dimensional object enclosed by a boundary
Area of a Circle
If the radius of a circle is r, it’s area is (pi)r squared.
Bisect
To divide into two equal parts.
CIRCUMFERENCE
The distance around a circle.
Circumference
The perimeter of a circle (C=2πr)
Circumference of a Circle
If the diameter of a circle is d, its circumference is (pi)d.
collinear points
points on the same line
Complementary Angles
Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees.
COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES
two anglethat add up to 90 degrees
Complementary Angles
Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees.
congruent line segments
two line segments with equal lengths
CONVERSION FACTOR
a ratio of equivalent measurements used to convert a quantity from one unit to another
CROSS PRODUCTS
A cross product of two fractions is the product of the numerator of one fraction with the denominator of the other fraction.
Decagon
10-sided polygon
diagonal
a line segment that connects two non-adjacent vertices
Diameter
The radius of a circle times two
Dodecagon
12-sided polygon
DOMAIN
the lowest to the highest number within a set of “X” values
Equiangular Polygon
A polygon with all equal angle measures
Equilateral Triangle
A triangle where all three sides have the same length
Heptagon
7-sided polygon
Hexagon
A polygon with 6 sides.
inverse
the statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement
Isosceles Triangle
A triangle that has at least two sides of equal length
line
made up of points and has no thickness or width (undefined term)
Line Segment
A part of a line bounded by two endpoints with a length that can be measured.
Midpoint
The point on a line segment that divides the line segment into two equal halves.
Nonagon
9-sided polygon
obtuse
type of triangle that contains exactly one obtuse angle
Obtuse Angle
An angle that is larger than a right angle and smaller than a straight angle (between 90⁰ and 180⁰)
Obtuse Triangle
A triangle with one obtuse angle
Octagon
A polygon with 8 sides.
Parallel
Lines that lie in the same plane and do not intersect.
Parallelogram
A quadrilateral that has two pairs of parallel sides
Pentagon
5-sided polygon
PERIMETER
The distance around a figure
Perpendicular
Lines that form a right angle.
pi (π)
The exact number of times the diameter of a circle will go around the circle. Pi is an irrational number, but sometimes we use the approximation 3.14.
plane
a flat surface made up of points; has no depth and extends indefinitely in all directions (undefined term)
Point of Intersection
The point where two lines cross.
Polygon
A two-dimensional figure that is bounded by line segments and lies on a plane.
PRISM
a solid figure that has two congruent, parallel polygons as its bases. Its sides are parallelograms.
PROPORTION
an equation that states that two ratios are equal
Pythagorean Theorem
The square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
Quadrilateral
A polygon with 4 sides.
Radius
The distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle.
RANGE
the lowest to the highest number within a set of “Y” values
RATE
A ratio of two quantities measured in different units.
RATIO
a comparison of two numbers by division
ray
a type of line that has one endpoint
Rectangle
A parallelogram with four right angles
regular polygon
a polygon where all the sides and angles are congruent
regular polygon
a polygon where all the sides and angles are congruent
Rhombus
An equilateral parallelogram
Quadrilateral
4-sided polygon
Rhombus
An equilateral parallelogram
Right Angle
The angle made by perpendicular lines (90⁰)
Right Angle
The angle made by perpendicular lines (90⁰)
Right Triangle
A triangle that has one right angle
Right Triangle
A triangle that has one right angle
SCALE
the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it
SCALE
the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it
SCALE DRAWING
A drawing of an object that is different in size (usually smaller than the original) but keeps the same proportions
SCALE DRAWING
A drawing of an object that is different in size (usually smaller than the original) but keeps the same proportions
SCALE FACTOR
The ratio used to enlarge or reduce similar figures
SCALE FACTOR
The ratio used to enlarge or reduce similar figures
SCALE MODEL
A model of an object in which the dimensions are in proportion to the actual dimensions of the object.
SCALE MODEL
A model of an object in which the dimensions are in proportion to the actual dimensions of the object.
scalene
type of triangle where all sides are different lengths
scalene
type of triangle where all sides are different lengths
Scalene Triangle
A triangle where all three sides have different measures
Scalene Triangle
A triangle where all three sides have different measures
Scientific notation
m×10ⁿ or 10ⁿ, A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.
Scientific notation
m×10ⁿ or 10ⁿ, A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.
SIMILAR
Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size
SIMILAR
Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size
SIMPLIFY
to write an expression in a simpler form
SIMPLIFY
to write an expression in a simpler form
skew lines
if two lines are not on the same plane, they cannot intersect
skew lines
if two lines are not on the same plane, they cannot intersect
space
a boundless, three-dimensional set of all points; can contain lines and planes
space
a boundless, three-dimensional set of all points; can contain lines and planes
Square
A rhombus with four right angles
Square
A rhombus with four right angles
Straight Angle
Two right angles form a straight angle (180⁰)
Straight Angle
Two right angles form a straight angle (180⁰)
Supplementary Angles
Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees.
Supplementary Angles
Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees.
