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Math Terms > Grade 8 Number Properties and Algebraic Terms > Flashcards

Grade 8 Number Properties and Algebraic Terms Flashcards

1
Q

1-Step Equations

A

identify inverse operation to isolate variable

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2
Q

2-Step Equations

A

first add/subtract, then multiply/divide to isolate variable

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3
Q

Absolute value

A

the distance of an integer from 0

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4
Q

Addend

A

A number which is involved in addition. Numbers being added are considered to be the addends.

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5
Q

adding or subtracting fractions

A

requires the denominators be the same

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6
Q

Addition with integers

A

if sign is the SAME – add absolute values and keep the sign

if the sign is DIFFERENT – subtract absolute values and keep the sign of the larger absolute value

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7
Q

Associative property of addition

A

changing the grouping of addends

changing the grouping of terms will not change the sum

(a + b) + c = a + (b + c);

(5+3) + 1 = 5 + (3 + 1)

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8
Q

Associative property of multiplication

A

changing the grouping of factors

States that changing grouping of factors does not change the product.

(a*b)c = a(b*c)

(2 * 6) * 7 = 2 * (6 * 7)

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9
Q

Base and Exponent

A

The exponent is the number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor: 4 X 4 X 4 = 4 cubed, 4 is the base; 3 is the exponent.

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10
Q

Calculations with exponents

A

a^n = aaaa…a (n times)
a^0 = 1
a^-n = 1/a^n
a^½ = √a
a^x * a^y = a^x+y
a^x/a^y = a^x-y
(a^x)^y = a^xy
(ab)^x = a^x * b^x
(a/b)^x = a^x/b^x

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11
Q

Coefficient

A

the number that is multiplied by variable(s)

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12
Q

Commutative property of addition

A

changing the order of addends

The property which states that two or more addends can be added or that two in any order without changing the sum.

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13
Q

Commutative property of multiplication

A

changing the order of factors

The property which states that two or more factors can be multiplied in any order without changing the product.

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14
Q

Difference

A

The amount by which one value is greater or smaller than another.

The result when numbers are subtracted.

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15
Q

Distance formula

A

Distance = rate times time

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16
Q

Distributive Property

A

multiplying grouped terms by a factor

a property indicating a special way in which multiplication is applied to addition of two or more numbers in which each term inside a set of parentheses can be multiplied by a factor outside the parentheses,

such as a(b + c) = ab + ac;

ex: 4(3 + 8) = 4(3) + 4(8)

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17
Q

dividing fractions

A

rewrite the first fraction, write a multiplication sign, write the reciprocal of the second fraction, multiply the fractions

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18
Q

Equation

A

equivalent expressions

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19
Q

Expanded form of a number

A

a number that is expressed as the sum of multiples of ten

example 643 = (6x100)+(4x10)+(3x1)

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20
Q

Exponential Notation

A

a number written as a base and exponent

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21
Q

Expression

A

a phrase made up of one or more numbers, variables, and operations

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22
Q

Factor

A

any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together

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23
Q

Factorial

A

product of an integer and all smaller positive integers

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24
Q

fraction

A

relationship of a part to a whole

numerator: represents the part
denominator: represents the whole

25
Q

Function

A

relationship between two variables, can have only one x-value correspond to only one y-value

26
Q

Identity property of 0

A

adding zero

The sum of a number and zero is always that number.

27
Q

Identity property of 1

A

multiplying 1

The property which states that multiplying a number by 1 does not change the number’s value

28
Q

inequality graphing hints

A

solid dot means equal to

hollow dot is not equal to

 lines to the left mean less than

lines to the right mean greater than

READ CAREFULLY the lines between two dots

29
Q

Integers

A

all positive and negative whole numbers

negative integers are to the left of zero, smaller negative integers are further from zero

positive integers are to the right of zero, larger positive integers are further from zero

30
Q

Interest formula

A

Interest = principal times rate times time

31
Q

Like Terms

A

Expressions that contain the same variables to the same power

32
Q

Linear Equation

A

An equation whose solutions form a straight line on a coordinate plane; example: y = 3x - 1

33
Q

Multiplication and Division with integers

A

count the number of negative integers

if there are an even number of negative integers, the product or quotient will be positive

if there are an odd number of negative integers, the product of quotient will be negative

34
Q

multiply or divide mixed numbers

A

before you multiply or divide mixed numbers, rewrite them as improper fractions

35
Q

multiplying fractions

A

multiply the numerators for your new numerator, multiply the denominators for your new denominator, then simplify the product

36
Q

Opposites

A

two numbers that have the same absolute value but have different signs

37
Q

Order of Operations

A

working left to right repeatedly: Parentheses, Exponents; then Multiplication, Division; then Addition, Subtraction

38
Q

perfect square

A

a number that has a whole number for a square root ex: 9, 16, 121

39
Q

prime number

A

A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.

40
Q

Product

A

a quantity obtained by multiplication; the answer to a multiplication problem

41
Q

proportion

A

relationship between two equivalent ratios

42
Q

quadrants

A

The x- and y-axes divide the coordinate plane into four regions. Each region is called a quadrant.

I (x, y)

II (-x, y)

III (-x, -y)

IV (x, -y)

43
Q

Quotient

A

The result after numbers and/or variables are divided

44
Q

Rate of change

positive and negative

A

slope of a line: change in y value related to change in x value
ratio that represents amount of something per time unit

45
Q

ratio

A

a relationship between two amounts

46
Q

Rational Number

A

A number that can be written as a/b where a and b are integers, but b is not equal to 0; an integer or a fraction; examples: 6 can be expressed as 6/1; 0.5 can be expressed as 1/2.

47
Q

Rational number

A

a number that can be expressed as a fraction, including integers

48
Q

Real Number

A

all rational or irrational numbers; real numbers can be represented on the real number line

49
Q

Reciprocal

A

one of a pair of numbers whose product is 1: the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2; a fraction that has been flipped. The reciprocal of 3/4 is 4/3.

50
Q

Repeating Decimal

A

A decimal in which one or more digits repeat infinitely; The repeating portion of the decimal is shown with a short line drawn over the repeating numbers.

51
Q

Scientific Notation

A

a standardized way of writing very large or very small numbers

example 35,100,000,000,000 = 3.51 x 10^13

52
Q

Sequence

A

An ordered list or numbers; example: 2,4,6,8,10…

53
Q

special fraction information

A

fractions with a denominator of 1 are equivalent to the numerator

fractions with a numerator of 1 cannot be simplified
fractions with a numerator of 0 equal 0

fractions with a denominator of 0 are undefined because there is no such thing as “part of nothing”

54
Q

Square Root

A

a number that must be multiplied by itself to equal a given number

55
Q

Subtraction with integers

A

change the subtraction sign to addition AND the sign of the second number

follow the guidelines for addition

56
Q

Sum

A

The result after numbers and/or variables are added

57
Q

Total Amount formula

A

Total Amount earned = principal + interest

58
Q

Variable

A

a letter that can be replaced with any number from a set

a quantity that varies or changes according to certain circumstances

a placeholder for any value

59
Q

y = mx+b

A

m is the slope of the line (change in y over change in x)
b is the y-intercept

Math Terms (9 decks)

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