MRI ALL-IN-ONE Mock 1 Flashcards
Steady state pulse sequences typically use flip angles within the range of:
5-20 degrees
30-45 degrees
70-110 degrees
45-60 degrees
30-45 degrees
Areas containing pathology appear _______on DW trace images.
Hypointense
Dark
Isointense
Bright
Bright
A trigger window of ________ is commonly used to compensate for heart rate fluctuations.
10-20%
1-2%
50%
60-70%
10-20%
Increasing the FOV from 120 mm to 240 mm will have what effect on SNR?
SNR decreases by a factor of 4
SNR increases by a factor of 2
SNR decreases by a factor of 2
SNR increases by a factor of 4
SNR increases by a factor of 4
Where should a saturation band be placed during an MRA of the circle of Willis (COW)?
To the right of a stack of slice
Inferior to a stack of slices
To the left of a stack of slice
Superior to a stack of slice
Superior to a stack of slice
FOV is the parameter that directly impacts ________ the greatest.
SNR
Acquisition time
Image weighting
Spatial resolution
SNR
To obtain THIN slices, a _______ slice-select gradient slope and/or a _______ transmit bandwidth is used.
Shallow/broad
Steep/broad
Shallow/narrow
Steep/narrow
Steep/narrow
Which of the following represents the Larmor equation?
B0 = W0 x y
W0 = B0 x y
W0 = B0/y
y = B0 x W0
W0 = B0 x y
_________ is a series of technical procedures that help to ensure satisfactory products and/or production.
Image reconstruction
Conflict resolution
Quality control
Medical asepsis
Quality control
Acoustic noise exceeding ________ can cause immediate acoustic trauma.
130-140 dB
60 dB
70-90 dB
100 dB
130-140 dB
The leakage of intravenous drugs or contrast agents from a vein into the surrounding tissue is known as:
NSF
Extravasation
Infiltration
Anaphylaxis
Extravasation
Which of the following devices is commonly used to measure both pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation?
Pulse oximeter
ECG/EKG
Sphygmomanometer
Stethoscope
Pulse oximeter
Which of the following sets of parameter ranges would likely provide the best T image weighting when a incoherent GE pulse sequence is applied?
20-50ms TR, 5-10ms TE
80-100ms TR, 5-10ms TE
<50ms TR, 200+ ms TE
200+ms TR, 20-30ms TE
20-50ms TR, 5-10ms TE
Typically, when GMN is applied during the acquisition of axial images, the _______ gradient is used for flow compensation.
Both the phase encoding and the frequency encoding
Phase encoding
Frequency encoding
Slice-select
Slice-select
At 1.5T, STIR pulse sequences use an inversion time (TI) within an approximate range of ______ in order to null the signal from fat.
1700-2200ms
20-50ms
400-550ms
100-175ms
100-175ms
What is the name of a malignant kidney tumor commonly found in children?
Wilms tumor
Hemangioma
Osteosarcoma
Benign tumor
Wilms tumor
What parameter is described as the time between the alpha pulse and the peak of the echo?
TR
TE
TI
Alpha time
TE
Gap space is important for reducing _______ within images.
Artifacts
All answers are correct
Phase encoding steps
Motion
Artifacts
What is used to determine renal function?
Creatinine
BUN and creatinine
WBC count
BUN
BUN and creatinine
A ________ is a bipolar gradient used during phase contrast imaging.
Velocity encoding gradient
Phase encoding gradient
Slice-select gradient
Flux capacitor
Velocity encoding gradient
During TOF imaging, a flip angle of ______ is used to saturate stationary non-flowing spins.
30-45 degrees
70-110 degrees
90+ degrees
45-60 degrees
45-60 degrees
The FDA limit for the strength of the static magnetic field when imaging adults and infants OVER 1 month of age is:
3T
8T
6T
4T
8T
What is the order in which basic life support is now administered?
Circulation, breathing, airway
Breathing, circulation, airway
Circulation, airway, breathing
Airway, breathing, circulation
Circulation, airway, breathing
What is achieved when there are more protons aligned in a low energy state than in the high energy state?
Equilibrium
Spin-down
Phase coherence
Spin-up
Equilibrium
FSE pulse sequences are better at detecting small hemorrhages than CSE pulse sequences.
True or false
False
All of the following are components of the Circle of Willis EXCEPT:
Posterior cerebral arteries
Internal carotid arteries
Posterior communication arteries
Anterior communicating arteries
Vertebral arteries
Anterior cerebral arteries
Vertebral arteries
The magneto-hemodynamic effect is observable when using which piece of equipment?
Pulse profile
ECG/EKG
Pulse oximeter
Sphygmomanometer
ECG/EKG
What is the average heart rate of an adult?
90-110 bpm
110-140 bpm
50-60 bpm
70-80 bpm
70-80 bpm
Which b-value will result in the greatest diffusion weighting?
500 s/mm
1500 s/mm
1000 s/mm
750 s/mm
1500 s/mm
What pulse sequence should be avoided in order to minimize magnetic susceptibility artifact?
GRE
SE
FSE
All pulse sequences
GRE
Which of the following is the most appropriate method of reducing the viscosity of contract agents?
Warming prior to administration
Cooling prior to administration
Mixing w/ saline prior to administration
Mixing w/ water prior to administration
Warming prior to administration
Incoherent GE pulse sequences are typically used to obtain _______ weighted images.
PD
T1 & PD
T2
T1
T1 & PD
_________ slice order is an imaging option in which data is acquired from alternate slices through two separate acquisitions.
Sequential
Interleaving
Intersecting
Numerical
Interleaving
If attempting to obtain a T2 weighted image of a patient w/ a 60 bpm heart rate, what is the minimum number of R to R intervals that should be selected?
2
4
3
1
2
Tissues w/ a SHORT T1 relaxation time appear _______ on T1 weighted images.
Bright
Hypointense
Hyperintense
Bright or Hyperintense
Bright or Hyperintense
What is the average body temperature when measured orally?
96.8 degrees F
99.6 degrees F
98.6 degrees F
97.6 degrees F
98.6 degrees F
All of the following are usually contraindications to gadavist contrast injection EXCEPT?
Renal failure
Stage 1 or 2 chronic kidney disease
Stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease
Diabetes
Sickle cell disease
Stage 1 or 2 chronic kidney disease
If rBW is doubled, approximately ________ of SNR is ________
50%/gained
40%/gained
50%/lost
40%/lost
40%/lost
Within the context of MRI, what component of the QRS complex is of utmost importance?
The S phase
The R phase
The Q phase
None of these
The R phase
In-phase imaging is achieved by selecting TE values in multiples of :
2.1 ms
3.2 ms
3.1 ms
4.2 ms
4.2 ms
An image portraying different signal intensities between tissues w/ varying hydrogen proton concentrations would contain what type of image contrast?
Both T1 and proton density contrast
Proton density contrast
T1 contrast
T2 contrast
Both T1 and proton density contrast
The ETL is directly related to the number of ________ during a FSE sequence.
180 rephasing p\ulses applied
Echos sampled
90 rephrasing pulses applied
Echos sampled and 180 rephrasing pulses applied
Echos sampled and 180 rephrasing pulses applied
During MRI, an increase in the amplitude of the T-wave of the cardiac cycle is commonly caused by the:
T-wave fluctuation effect
Magneto-hydrodynamic effect
Magneto-hemodynamic effect
Both magneto-hydrodynamic and magneto-hemodynamic effect
Both magneto-hydrodynamic and magneto-hemodynamic effect
A spatial saturation pulse is capable of saturating all tissues within specific area through the use of an extra 90 degree RF pulse and a __________
Small matrix
Broad transmission bandwidth
Narrow transmission bandwidth
Small FOV
Broad transmission bandwidth
In order to more accurately diagnose of a syrinx, ________ can be used to reduce pulsatile flow artifacts within the spinal canal.
Peripheral gating/ triggering
Cardiac gating/ triggering
Physical restraints
Respiratory gating/ triggering
Peripheral gating/ triggering
What term describes the accidental administration of contrast agents into surrounding tissue instead of directly into the vein?
All answers are correct
Thrombus
Infiltration
Extravasation
Infiltration
What occurs during resonance?
All answers are correct
Spins absorb energy form the transmitted RF pulse
Spins flip into the transverse plane
Spins precess in-phase with each other
All answers are correct
The T2 decay time of water is approximately:
200 ms
100 ms
1800 ms
2500 ms
2500 ms
The T1 relaxation time of fat is approximately:
2000 ms
100 ms
2500 ms
200 ms
200 ms
Which of the following pulse sequences most accurately represents an IR pulse sequence?
90-180-180
180-90-180-180
180-90-90
180-90-90-180
180-90-180-180
