MRI ALL-IN-ONE Mock 1 Flashcards by Quinn Nguyen

Steady state pulse sequences typically use flip angles within the range of:

5-20 degrees
30-45 degrees
70-110 degrees
45-60 degrees

30-45 degrees

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Areas containing pathology appear _______on DW trace images.

Hypointense
Dark
Isointense
Bright

Bright

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A trigger window of ________ is commonly used to compensate for heart rate fluctuations.

10-20%
1-2%
50%
60-70%

10-20%

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Increasing the FOV from 120 mm to 240 mm will have what effect on SNR?

SNR decreases by a factor of 4
SNR increases by a factor of 2
SNR decreases by a factor of 2
SNR increases by a factor of 4

SNR increases by a factor of 4

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Where should a saturation band be placed during an MRA of the circle of Willis (COW)?

To the right of a stack of slice
Inferior to a stack of slices
To the left of a stack of slice
Superior to a stack of slice

Superior to a stack of slice

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FOV is the parameter that directly impacts ________ the greatest.

SNR
Acquisition time
Image weighting
Spatial resolution

SNR

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To obtain THIN slices, a _______ slice-select gradient slope and/or a _______ transmit bandwidth is used.

Shallow/broad
Steep/broad
Shallow/narrow
Steep/narrow

Steep/narrow

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Which of the following represents the Larmor equation?

B0 = W0 x y
W0 = B0 x y
W0 = B0/y
y = B0 x W0

W0 = B0 x y

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_________ is a series of technical procedures that help to ensure satisfactory products and/or production.

Image reconstruction
Conflict resolution
Quality control
Medical asepsis

Quality control

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Acoustic noise exceeding ________ can cause immediate acoustic trauma.

130-140 dB
60 dB
70-90 dB
100 dB

130-140 dB

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The leakage of intravenous drugs or contrast agents from a vein into the surrounding tissue is known as:

NSF
Extravasation
Infiltration
Anaphylaxis

Extravasation

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Which of the following devices is commonly used to measure both pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation?

Pulse oximeter
ECG/EKG
Sphygmomanometer
Stethoscope

Pulse oximeter

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Which of the following sets of parameter ranges would likely provide the best T1 image weighting when a incoherent GE pulse sequence is applied?

20-50ms TR, 5-10ms TE
80-100ms TR, 5-10ms TE
<50ms TR, 200+ ms TE
200+ms TR, 20-30ms TE

20-50ms TR, 5-10ms TE

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Typically, when GMN is applied during the acquisition of axial images, the _______ gradient is used for flow compensation.

Both the phase encoding and the frequency encoding
Phase encoding
Frequency encoding
Slice-select

Slice-select

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At 1.5T, STIR pulse sequences use an inversion time (TI) within an approximate range of ______ in order to null the signal from fat.

1700-2200ms
20-50ms
400-550ms
100-175ms

100-175ms

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What is the name of a malignant kidney tumor commonly found in children?

Wilms tumor
Hemangioma
Osteosarcoma
Benign tumor

Wilms tumor

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What parameter is described as the time between the alpha pulse and the peak of the echo?

TR
TE
TI
Alpha time

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Gap space is important for reducing _______ within images.

Artifacts
All answers are correct
Phase encoding steps
Motion

Artifacts

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What is used to determine renal function?

Creatinine
BUN and creatinine
WBC count
BUN

BUN and creatinine

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A ________ is a bipolar gradient used during phase contrast imaging.

Velocity encoding gradient
Phase encoding gradient
Slice-select gradient
Flux capacitor

Velocity encoding gradient

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During TOF imaging, a flip angle of ______ is used to saturate stationary non-flowing spins.

30-45 degrees
70-110 degrees
90+ degrees
45-60 degrees

45-60 degrees

The FDA limit for the strength of the static magnetic field when imaging adults and infants OVER 1 month of age is:

3T
8T
6T
4T

What is the order in which basic life support is now administered?

Circulation, breathing, airway
Breathing, circulation, airway
Circulation, airway, breathing
Airway, breathing, circulation

Circulation, airway, breathing

What is achieved when there are more protons aligned in a low energy state than in the high energy state?

Equilibrium
Spin-down
Phase coherence
Spin-up

Equilibrium

FSE pulse sequences are better at detecting small hemorrhages than CSE pulse sequences. True or false

False

All of the following are components of the Circle of Willis EXCEPT: Posterior cerebral arteries Internal carotid arteries Posterior communication arteries Anterior communicating arteries Vertebral arteries Anterior cerebral arteries

Vertebral arteries

The magneto-hemodynamic effect is observable when using which piece of equipment? Pulse profile ECG/EKG Pulse oximeter Sphygmomanometer

ECG/EKG

What is the average heart rate of an adult? 90-110 bpm 110-140 bpm 50-60 bpm 70-80 bpm

70-80 bpm

Which b-value will result in the greatest diffusion weighting? 500 s/mm 1500 s/mm 1000 s/mm 750 s/mm

1500 s/mm

What pulse sequence should be avoided in order to minimize magnetic susceptibility artifact? GRE SE FSE All pulse sequences

GRE

Which of the following is the most appropriate method of reducing the viscosity of contract agents? Warming prior to administration Cooling prior to administration Mixing w/ saline prior to administration Mixing w/ water prior to administration

Warming prior to administration

Incoherent GE pulse sequences are typically used to obtain _______ weighted images. PD T1 & PD T2 T1

T1 & PD

_________ slice order is an imaging option in which data is acquired from alternate slices through two separate acquisitions. Sequential Interleaving Intersecting Numerical

Interleaving

If attempting to obtain a T2 weighted image of a patient w/ a 60 bpm heart rate, what is the minimum number of R to R intervals that should be selected? 2 4 3 1

Tissues w/ a SHORT T1 relaxation time appear _______ on T1 weighted images. Bright Hypointense Hyperintense Bright or Hyperintense

Bright or Hyperintense

What is the average body temperature when measured orally? 96.8 degrees F 99.6 degrees F 98.6 degrees F 97.6 degrees F

98.6 degrees F

All of the following are usually contraindications to gadavist contrast injection EXCEPT? Renal failure Stage 1 or 2 chronic kidney disease Stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease Diabetes Sickle cell disease

Stage 1 or 2 chronic kidney disease

If rBW is doubled, approximately ________ of SNR is ________ 50%/gained 40%/gained 50%/lost 40%/lost

40%/lost

Within the context of MRI, what component of the QRS complex is of utmost importance? The S phase The R phase The Q phase None of these

The R phase

In-phase imaging is achieved by selecting TE values in multiples of : 2.1 ms 3.2 ms 3.1 ms 4.2 ms

4.2 ms

An image portraying different signal intensities between tissues w/ varying hydrogen proton concentrations would contain what type of image contrast? Both T1 and proton density contrast Proton density contrast T1 contrast T2 contrast

Both T1 and proton density contrast

The ETL is directly related to the number of ________ during a FSE sequence. 180 rephasing p\ulses applied Echos sampled 90 rephrasing pulses applied Echos sampled and 180 rephrasing pulses applied

Echos sampled and 180 rephrasing pulses applied

During MRI, an increase in the amplitude of the T-wave of the cardiac cycle is commonly caused by the: T-wave fluctuation effect Magneto-hydrodynamic effect Magneto-hemodynamic effect Both magneto-hydrodynamic and magneto-hemodynamic effect

Both magneto-hydrodynamic and magneto-hemodynamic effect

A spatial saturation pulse is capable of saturating all tissues within specific area through the use of an extra 90 degree RF pulse and a __________ Small matrix Broad transmission bandwidth Narrow transmission bandwidth Small FOV

Broad transmission bandwidth

In order to more accurately diagnose of a syrinx, ________ can be used to reduce pulsatile flow artifacts within the spinal canal. Peripheral gating/ triggering Cardiac gating/ triggering Physical restraints Respiratory gating/ triggering

Peripheral gating/ triggering

What term describes the accidental administration of contrast agents into surrounding tissue instead of directly into the vein? All answers are correct Thrombus Infiltration Extravasation

Infiltration

What occurs during resonance? All answers are correct Spins absorb energy form the transmitted RF pulse Spins flip into the transverse plane Spins precess in-phase with each other

All answers are correct

The T2 decay time of water is approximately: 200 ms 100 ms 1800 ms 2500 ms

2500 ms

The T1 relaxation time of fat is approximately: 2000 ms 100 ms 2500 ms 200 ms

200 ms

Which of the following pulse sequences most accurately represents an IR pulse sequence? 90-180-180 180-90-180-180 180-90-90 180-90-90-180

180-90-180-180