Mr. Wesney - Unit 0 - Major Religions Flashcards
What was the religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms called?
Hinduism
What was one of the first monotheistic religions, that believed in the Ahura Mazda (God), and Ahriman (Devil)?
Zoroastrianism
What was the belief in a divine connection between humans and other symbols to natural beings?
Totemism
What was the belief in belief in unseen spirit realms?
Shamanism
What’s the term describing the Australian aboriginal spiritual belief system and concept of creation?
Dreamtime
What was the Japanese worship to nature and ancestry called?
Shintoism
What’s the belief that all natural objects have spirits?
Animism
What’s the class or distinct hereditary order into which a Hindu is assigned according to religious law called?
Caste system
What writings includes lots of hinduism beliefs?
Upanishads
What’s the single spiritual power that Hindus believe lives in everything?
Brahman
In Hinduism and Buddhism, what’s the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding called?
Reincarnation
What’s the process of becoming one with Brahman called?
Moksha
What was the Hindu belief that doing good in your life will allow you to be higher on the caste system in your reincarnated life?
Kharma
What were the social duties of each class in the Caste system called?
Dharma
What are the forms of Brahman?
Brahma (creator), Vishnu (preserver), Shiva (destroyer)
What were some causes for the spread of hinduism in India?
Appeasing rules of conduct for life; incorporated previous religion; caste system
What type of society was ran primarily through men, and everyone traced ancestors by men?
Patriarchal
What was the Indian custom of a widow voluntarily throwing herself on the funeral pyre of her husband?
Sati
What monotheistic religion was founded in Israel and focused on ethical behavior?
Judaism
Who’s the father of Judaism?
Abraham
What did the Jews call their god?
Yahweh
What are the first five books of the Hebrew bible called?
Torah
What was the collection of authoritative Jewish writings that comment and interpret biblical laws.
Talmud
Why were Jews forced out of homeland?
They were a small group
What religion was founded in South E. Asia, and focused on meditation, and found answers to human suffering?
Buddhism
Who founded Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama
How long did Siddhartha meditate?
About 49 days
What Buddhist belief states that human suffering is caused negative deeds and nonvirtue, also encouraged to follow the eightfold path?
Four noble truths
Know truth - respect all life - practice meditation - control thoughts - free mind of evil -
Eightfold path
What were the five moral principles?
Don’t kill, Don’t steal, Don’t lie, Don’t drink alcohol, Don’t be a whore.
Which religion began in South Asia and was inspired by the upanishads, and focused on pacifism?
Jainism
