Movements

Question 1

State the movements allowed at the hip

Answer 1

Flexion/Extension (Sagittal plane/frontal axis)
Adduction/Abduction (Frontal plane/sagittal axis)
Medial/Lateral rotation (Transverse plane/vertical axis)

Question 2

For Hip flexion state:

1. The physiological RoM (+limits)
2. Muscles that produce it (+ any insufficiencies)
3. Name 2 functional movements that require it.

Answer 2

1. RoM: 100-120 degrees (limited by soft tissue approximation of thigh on belly and tension in hamstrings)
2. Muscles: Iliacus/Psoas Major = Prime movers
   assistors: Rectus Femoris/Pectineus/Gracilis/Sartorius/TFL
   - Insufficiencies: passive: hamstrings on hip flex/knee ext
   (active of rec fem on hip flex/knee ext but enough strength to do without)
3. Functional movements: Lifting leg to go up stairs
   : Strike phase of kicking a ball

Question 3

For Hip extension state:

1. The physiological RoM (+limits)
2. Muscles that produce it (+ any insufficiencies)
3. Name 2 functional movements that require it.

Answer 3

1. RoM: 15-20 degrees (limited by all ligaments, hip capsule and tension in iliopsoas/rectus femoris)
   2.Muscles: Gluteus Maximus/Biceps Femoris/Semimembranosus/Semitendinosus = Prime movers
   Assistors= Adductor magnus (hamstring part)
   - Insufficiencies: Active- hamstrings in hip ext/knee flex
   Passive - Rec fem in hip ext/knee flex
2. Functional Movements: propulsion in walking
   : Pull-back phase of kicking ball

Question 4

For Hip Adduction state:

1. The physiological RoM
2. Muscles that produce it (+ any insufficiencies)
3. Name 2 functional movements that require it.

Answer 4

1. RoM: 15-30 degrees (limited by lat/sup band of iliofemoral, apposition of other leg and tension in glute med/min)
   2.Muscles: Adductor magnus, longus, brevis
   Assistors: Pectineus/Gracilis
2. Functional Movements: Side stepping
   : Aid balance

Question 5

For Hip Abduction state:

1. The physiological RoM
2. Muscles that produce it (+ any insufficiencies)
3. Name 2 functional movements that require it.

Answer 5

1. RoM: 40-45 degrees (limited by pubofemoral and inf/med iliofemoral ligaments, greater trochanter on pelvis, tension in adductors)
2. Muscles. Gluteus Medius/Minimus
   Assistors: Sartorius/TFL/Piriformis-(if flexed)
3. Functional movements: side stepping
   : getting out of bed

Question 6

For Hip Lateral Rotation state:

1. The physiological RoM
2. Muscles that produce it (+ any insufficiencies)
3. Name 2 functional movements that require it.

Answer 6

1. RoM: 45-60 degrees (limited by sup/lat band of iliofemoral ligament, tension in medial rotators)
2. Muscles: Gluteus Maximus, Piriformis + deep lateral rotators (quad fem, obt int/ext, gemellus sup/inf)
   Assistors: Sartorius
3. Functional Movements: Getting out of a car
   : turning around

Question 7

For Hip Medial Rotation state:

1. The physiological RoM
2. Muscles that produce it (+ any insufficiencies)
3. Name 2 functional movements that require it.

Answer 7

1. RoM: 30-40 degrees (limited by Ischiofemoral ligament, posterior capsule, tension in lateral rotators)
2. Muscles: Ant fibres of gluteus med/min, TFL
   Assistors: Adductor group
3. Functional Movements: Turning around
   : Balance and stability