movement in and out of cells

Question 1

what is diffusion

Answer 1

diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, as a result of random movement.

Question 2

where does energy for diffusion comes from?

Answer 2

from kinetic energy because of the random movement of molecules and ions

Question 3

why is diffusion of gases and solutes important

Answer 3

it is important because it allows important substances to move where they are needed and waste products to be removed, through diffusion, gases like Oxygen and Carbon dioxide can cross membranes, enabling respiration.

Question 4

what are factors that influence diffusion

Answer 4

surface area- more surface area means faster diffusion.

temperature- higher temp increases diffusion

concentration gradient- a bigger difference in concentration gradient leads to faster diffusion

distance- shorter distance leads to faster diffusion

Question 5

what is osmosis

Answer 5

osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of lower water concentration

Question 6

how does water diffuse

Answer 6

through a partially permeable membrane by Osmosis

Question 7

what is the role of water as a solvent in digestion, excretion and transport

Answer 7

digestion- water dissolves nutrients in the digestive tract, aiding their break down and absorption

excretion- water helps dissolve metabolic waste products, facilitating their elimination from the body

transport- water serves as a medium for transporting nutrients, gases and other vital substances within organisms, facilitation their distribution to cells.

Question 8

how do plant cells react when placed in different solutions

Answer 8

hypotonic- they become turgid as water enters, increasing turgor pressure

hypertonic- cells lose water leading them to become flaccid and in extreme cases plasmolysed due to decrease in turgor pressure

Question 9

what is active transport

Answer 9

active transport is the net movement of particles form an area of low concentration to a area of high concentration, using energy from respiration

Question 10

what process is active transport

Answer 10

it is the process for movement of molecules and ions across membranes, including ion uptake by root hair

Question 11

e.g of active transport

Answer 11

protein carriers move molecules and ions across a membrane during active transport