Movement dysfunction, goniometry and gait

Question 1

Define acute

Answer 1

Happened recently, abrupt. Normally a trauma injury

Question 2

Define chronic and give another word we can use for it

Answer 2

Lasted a long time, over 12 weeks

Also knows as persistent

Question 3

Define sub-acute

Answer 3

Time between acute and chronic. Usually between 6 and 12 weeks

Question 4

What 3 factors affect normal movement

Answer 4

1. Joint function
2. Nerve function
3. Muscle function

Question 5

Define hypomobility

Answer 5

limited ROM

Question 6

Define hypermobility

Answer 6

Ability to move beyond “normal” ROM

Question 7

What do you measure with goniometry and how can physios benefit from the measurements

Answer 7

Goniometry measures the ROM at joints

Can be repeated after treatment to see if any improvements have occured

Question 8

Define walking

Answer 8

Method of locomtotion involving the use of 2 legs to provide both support and propulsion with atleast one foot being in contact with the ground at all times

Question 9

Define gait

Answer 9

A manner of walking

Question 10

Define dynamic stability

Answer 10

Stability during movement

Question 11

Define the following gait terminology:

1. Gait cycle
2. Cadence
3. Speed
4. Stride length
5. Step length

Answer 11

1. Time interval between 2 successive points in the cycle on the same leg
2. Steps in a given time (usually a minute)
3. Distance covered in a certain time
4. Right heel strike to right heel strike
5. Right heel strike to left heel strike

Question 12

What are the 2 stages of the gait cycle, describe them and how much of the gait cycle they occupy

Answer 12

1. Stance phase = time when the foot is off the ground. 60% of the cycle
2. Swing phase = time when the leg is moving. 40% of the cycle

Question 13

Give the 4 stages the stance phase can be broken into

Answer 13

1. Initial contact (heel strike)
2. Mid stance
3. Terminal stance
4. Pre-swing (toe off)

Question 14

Give the 3 stages the swing phase can be broken into

Answer 14

1. Initial swing
2. Mid swing
3. Terminal swing

Question 15

What 3 factors affect gait?

Answer 15

1. Task
2. Individual
3. Environment