Movement disorders Flashcards
A patient comes in with spasms that started in the left upper extremity and spread to the back and left lower extremities. He has complex movements involving dystonia, myoclonus and tremor. This is..
Progressive dystonia
What are the two major types of primary dystonia?
DYT-1 - early onset torsion dystonia
DYT-5 - dopa responsive dystonia
What is the most effective treatment for dystonia?
High frequency stimulation of globes pallidus, pars interna
Can also use antimuscarinics, benzos, baclofen
What types of medications can cause a dystonia like reaction?
Dopamine blocking sgents
A patient is found to have muscle rigidity, altered conscioiusness, elevated CK. What is this and what is the treatment?
neuroleptic malignant syndrome - treat with bromocriptine or dantrolene
A patient has a dysphoric state characterized by a desire to be in constant motion. This is…
akathisia - caused by dopamine agents
A patient presents with fluctuating muscle rigidity with spasms. What antibody should be tested?
GAD antibodies or amphiphysin for stiff person syndrome
What are other conditions that may cause a chorea like syndrome?
wilson disease, neuroleptics, alcohol, anoxia, hyperthyroidism, lupus, poststreptococcal
A patient presents with torticollis, writer’s cramp and blepharospasm. Suspect…
idiopathic torsion dystonia - treat with botox
A patient presents with lightning like movements. This is.. (and treat with)
myoclonus - treat with clonazepam
A patinet presents with tremor, ataxia, dysarthria, mood disturbances and a funny ring in the eye. Treatment?
copper chelation for Wilsons
A young teenage patient randomly blurts out obscenities. This is..
tourettes - treat with dopamine antagonists (haldol, atypical antipsychotics)
What is a metabolic cause of ballismus?
Nonketotic hyperglycemia
A young patent presents with a leg cramp. What medication may help?
Levodopa
Patient comes in acting out dreams and violent aggressive behavior. Treatment?
Clonazepam
What are the diagnostic criteria for restless legs syndrome?
Desire to move legs relieved by activity
A hypertensive patient presents with flinging movements of his right arm. This is…
hemiballismus
