Movement Analysis Flashcards
What is a lever?
A lever is a rigid structure that rotates around a fixed point and applies force against resistance.
The 3 parts of a lever system ..
Fulcrum
Effort
Load
Example of fulcrum in body..
A Joint
Example of load…
Weight. Or body weight
Effort is..
Muscles contracting
The classes of lever are …
First class lever
Second class lever
Third class lever
How to remmeber the classes of lever
1 2 3 (classes of lever)
F L E (Fuclrum , Load ,Resistance)
For first class lever the fulcrum Is in the middle
Example of a first class lever …. (Fulcrum in the middle )
Tricep extending at the elbow
Neck
Example of a second class lever… ( load in the middle)
Ankle, gastrocnemius creating plantarflexion at the ankle when jumping
Example of a third class lever.. (effort in the middle)
Bicep creating flexion at the elbow
Hamstring creating flexion at the knee
What does mechanical advantage measure?
Mechanical advantage measures the efficiency of a lever ( how easy it is to lift the load )
What does mechanical advantage depend on?
The distance between the effort and the fulcrum Compared with the distance between the load and the fulcrum.
What’s the resistance arm?
Distance between the load and the fulcrum.
What’s the effort arm?
Distance between the effort and the fulcrum.
Equation for mechanical advantage..
Mechanical advantage= effort divides by resistance
Rule 1 of mechanical advantage is …
Effort arm shorter than load arm = low mechanical advantage
Short effort allows fast movement of low weights
Third class levers always have low mechanical advantage
Rile 2 of mechanical advantage …
When the effort arm is longer than the load arm it has a higher mechanical advantage.
Heavy load can be lifted with little effort
Second class levers always have high mechanical advantage
What is a plane of movement
An imaginary line that shows direction of movement.
What is an axis of movement?
An imaginary line through the body around which it rotates.
What are the 3 planes of movement?
Sagittal plane - forwards and backwards movements
Transverse plane- rotation movements
Frontal plane - side to side movements
What are the 3 axis of movement and where they are
Transverse - horizontally through the body
Sagittal - diagonally through the body
Longitudal- vertically through the body
Some Footballers- Like To - Take Shots
Examples of movements in the body
S-F Sagittal axis- Frontal Plane. Abduction of shoulder-cartwheel/star jumps
L-T Longitudal axis- Transverse plane. Rotation - shotput,360 spin
T-S Transverse axis-Sagittal plane Flexion and extension- bicep curls, 100 metre sprint
