Cardio-respirstory System Flashcards
Pathway of air
Nose/mouth
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs
Alveoli
Features that aid in gas exchange in alveoli
Moist thin walls (one cell thick)
Large blood supply
Lots of capillaries
Large surface area of alveoli
What does the artery do?
Carries blood AWAY from the heart.
1) thick walls
2)muscular layer
What does a vein do?
Collects oxygen poor blood and returns it to the heart.
1)thin walls
2)less elastic
What does the capillary do?
Exchange of materials between the blood and tissue cells.
1)carry blood between veins and arteries
2) very thin wall
Pathway of blood through the heart
Right atrium - right ventricle - to lungs to collect blood- left atrium - left ventricle - out to the body.
What is cardiac output?
The quantity of blood pumped by the heart in a given period of time, Typically measured in litres per minute.
What’s heart rate?
The speed at which the heart beats at.
What is stroke volume?
The volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle
What’s the calculation for cardiac output.
Stroke volume X Heart rate
What happens to the intercostal muscles, rib cage and diaphragm during inspiration at rest?
Intercostal muscles contract and pulls ribs up
Diaphragm contracts and flattens/moves down.
What happens to the ribs,intercostal muscles and diaphragm during expiration at rest?
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax
This increases air pressure in the lungs
What is tidal volume?
The amount of air that the lungs can hold on the biggest possible breath in. Avaradge is 6litres
What’s expiratory reserve volume?
Maximum amount of aditional air that can be forced out of the lungs after a normal breath.
What is inspiratory reserve volume?
Maximum amount of additional air that can be taken into the lungs after a normal breath.
