Movement Flashcards
What is name of muscles on the skeleton?
Skeletal muscles
What flexors are?
Muscles that bend a joint, bringing the bones closer together
What extensors are?
Muscles that straighten the joint, increasing the angle between the bones
What agonists are?
Muscles that promote the movements
What antagonists are?
Muscles that oppose the movements
What is called contraction of both agonists and antagonists?
Co-contraction
What are muscle fibers controlled by?
Alpha motor neurons
What are muscle fibers controlled by?
Alpha motor neurons
What is motor unit?
Alpha motor neuron + muscle fibers it controls
What is disease when motor neurons die?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Where neurons communicate with muscles?
At sites called neuromuscular junctions
What is brain area essential for voluntary movements?
Motor cortex
Which brain region is degenerated in Parkinson?
Substantia nigra
What substantia nigra does?
Relay signals to the basal ganglia using neurotransmitter dopamine, a key chemical involved in motor control. Also it is reward system circuitry
What Huntington’s disease affect?
Involuntary movements in the face
