Brain basics Flashcards
What is corpus callosum?
Bundle of fibers that carries info from one to other hemisphere
What is cerebral cortex?
Gray matter that covers surface of hemispheres
What does hippocampus?
Memory processing
What does amygdala?
integrative center for emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation
What does limbic system?
Epicentre of emotional and behavioral expression; hippocampus + amygdala + thalamus + hypothalamus
What does thalamus?
Integrates sensory info
What does hypothalamus?
Regulates hormons
What does pituitary gland?
Sends hormons
What is forebrain?
Cerebral cortex + limbic system
What does midbrain?
Eye movement, ocular and auditory reflexes, breathing, pain modulation, mood regulation
What does basal ganglia?
Complex movements, memory, motivation
What does hindbrain?
Glucose regulation, sleep, movements
What does pons?
Breath, posture
What does medulla?
Connection to spinal cord, control of basic functions
What is brainstem?
Midbrain + pons + medulla oblongata
What is frontal lobe responsible for?
Attention, plans, decision, coordination
What is temporal lobe responsible for?
Language, memory, emotion
What is parietal lobe responsible for?
Senses
What is occipital lobe responsible for?
Vision
What is neural network?
Group of nerve tracts connecting regions in the brain
Brain waves are detected with…
An electroencephalograph (EEG)
What is circuit?
Interconnected neurons that turn entering signals into output patterns that can be sent to other parts of the brain
Neurons in circuit are divided into…
Excitatory and inhibitory
What excitatory neurons do?
Pushes neighbors
What inhibitory neurons do?
Regulates circuit
What is epilepsy?
Inbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurons
Neuron has…
Cell body (soma), axon and dendrites
Cell body contains…
Nucleus, cytoplasm and proteins
What dendrites do?
Collect signals
What axon terminal do?
Passes signal across synapse
What glia do?
Support cells
What astrocytes do?
Type of glia, regulates ion concentration, provides nutrients, regulate formation of connections
What microglia do?
Protect cell from disease
What ependymal cells do?
Make cerebrospinal fluid
What oligoclendrocytes do?
Improve neuron function by wrapping it with myelin
What is ion channel?
Tunnel-like proteins
How much is voltage of ions?
-70 mV
What is most common excitatory?
Glutamate
What is most common inhibitory?
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
What neuromodulators do?
Suppress neurotransmitter release
What prostaglandins do?
Response to pain and inflammation
