*MOVED*Advanced Neoplasia Flashcards
In opposition to osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma is most commonly found in which location? A. tubular bones B. flat bones C. vertebrae D. cranium E. two of the above
E. two of the above
Which of the following statements describe ossifying fibromas? A. It is a lesion closely related to fibrous dysplasia. B. They most commonly affect the maxilla and mandible. C. They predominate in women who are in there second, third, and fourth decades of life. D. The tibia and fibula are the most common sites of tubular bone involvement. E. All of the above
E. All of the above
Because the histologic differentiation between a low grade, well-differentiated chondrosarcoma and an enchondroma is often difficult, what is the best way to differentiate these two tumors? A. Calcification visualized on the radiograph B. Anatomic location of the tumor C. Age of the patient D. Degree of endosteal scalloping
C. Age of the patient
Classically, neurilemomas are composed of compact cellular areas in combination with loosely arranged hypocellular regions, this biphasic pattern is most commonly seen in the soft tissue tumors and less clearly present in the intraosseous type. What is the term used to name these distinct areas? A. Bartoni A and B B. Antoni A and B C. Neuroni A and B D. Verocay A and B
B. Antoni A and B
Hemangiomas are benign tumors of vascular origin. These tumors are most commonly seen in vertebrae and skull. Estimations of 10% of spines that are examined at time of autopsy have hemangiomas. What type of vascular channels composes this tumor seen within the spine? A. Corduroy cloth B. Capillary C. Venous D. Cavernous
B. Capillary
Which of the following imaging techniques is best utilized for the diagnosis of an osteoid osteoma? A. Conventional radiographs B. Scintigraphy C. Ultrasound D. Magnetic resonance imaging
A. Conventional radiographs
Which one of the following represents an osteosarcoma that features large cystic cavities filled with fresh and clotted blood? A. Conventional osteosarcoma B. Gnathic osteosarcoma C. Small cell osteosarcoma D. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma
D. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma
Which of the following statements describe primary bone involvement from non-Hodgkins lymphoma? A. It affects males more that females of any age. B. It has a propensity for the appendicular skeleton. C. It presents with a pathalogical fracture and a soft tissue mass. D. A sequestrum is evident in 10% of cases. E. All of the above.
E. All of the above.
Microscopically, synovial sarcomas usually have a biphasic histiologic appearance. Occasionally, one cell type will predominate giving the tumor a monophasic appearance. Which of the cell types,when dominant, results in a worse prognosis? A. Pseudoglandular B. Fibrosarcoma C. Endothelioid D. Lipomatous
C. Endothelioid
In decreasing frequency, what is the most common site for conventional osteosarcoma of long bones? A. Epiphysis > Diaphysis > Metaphysis B. Diaphysis > Metaphysis > Epiphysis C. Metaphysis > Diaphysis > Epiphysis D. They are affected equally.
C. Metaphysis > Diaphysis > Epiphysis
What is the percentage of osteosarcomas that contain areas of tumor that are separate from the main neoplasm, or “skip” lesions? A. 2% B. 25% C. 75% D. 90%
B. 25%
The most common location of an ossifying fibroma is where? A. Facial bones B. Long tubular bones C. Spine D. Pelvis
A. Facial bones
Which of the following is the least reasonable differential diagnosis for malignant fibrous histiocytoma? A. metastasis B. plasmacytoma C. lymphoma D. lytic osteosarcoma E. fibrosarcoma
D. lytic osteosarcoma
How many types of chondosarcoma are there? A. 10 B. 13 C. 2 D. 6
D. 6
Giant cell reparative granulomas are both radiographically and histologically indistinguishable from which lesion? A. giant cell tumor B. aneurysmal bone cyst C. brown tumor D. fibrous dysplasia
C. brown tumor
Which of the following processes are thought to represent an ossifying, subperiosteal hematoma? A. subungual exostosis B. turret exostosis C. reactive bone excrescence D. Nora’s lesion
B. turret exostosis
Which of the following benign bone lesions would be included as a differential diagnosis for an intraosseous low grade osteosarcoma? A. Fibrous dysplasia B. Non-ossifying fibroma C. Chondromyxoid fibroma D. All of these shoud be considered
D. All of these shoud be considered
Which one of the following disorders does Ewing’s sarcoma histologically resemble? A. Neuroblastoma B. Osteogenic sarcoma C. Clear cell chondroblastoma D. Chordoma
A. Neuroblastoma
Which of the following is not associated with myelofibrosis? A. Extramedullary hematopoiesis B. Bone marrow fibrosis C. Anemia D. Splenomegaly E. All are associated with myelofibrosis
E. All are associated with myelofibrosis
Which of the following statements best represents a gnathic osteosarcoma? A. The mean age of onset is approximately 30 years old. B. They present with greater affinity to the mandible versus the maxilla. C. Radiographic appearance is that of a small radiodense lesion with permetion of the cortex, periostitis, and a soft tissue mass. D. They are less like to metastasize, therefore 40% of patients have a 5yr survival rate. E. All of the above describe gnathic osteosarcomas.
E. All of the above describe gnathic osteosarcomas.
Which of the following statements is true about the imaging findings for a telangiectatic osteosarcoma. A. Radiography demonstrates a large, multiloculated and expansile lesion of osteolysis with extensive periosteal reaction. B. A homogenous increase of radionuclide uptake on scintigraphy. C. Areas of increase signal intensity on TIWI, fluid-fluid levels, and hetergenous enhancement of gadolinium on MRI. D. All of the above
C. Areas of increase signal intensity on TIWI, fluid-fluid levels, and hetergenous enhancement of gadolinium on MRI.
The ten-year survival rate for most chondrosarcomas is 30 to 70%. Which one of the following represents a factor that is an exception to this survival rate? A. Spinal chondrosarcomas B. Peripheral chondrosarcomas C. Arcal chondrosarcomas D. Pelvic chondrosarcomas
A. Spinal chondrosarcomas
A 13 year old male patient fracures his tibia. Upon radiographic examination, you discover a lesion in the diaphysis demonstrating a permeative to moth-eaten pattern of bone destruction, onion skined periostitis, and saucerization of the external cortex. Which of the following primary tumors of bone is the least likely differential. A. Adamantinoma B. Lymphoma C. Infection D. Osteosarcoma E. Ewing’s sarcoma
A. Adamantinoma
Which one of the following is false regarding the radiographic presentation of osteofibrous dysplasia involving the long tubular bones? A. Lesions may be purely blastic B. A ground glass matrix calcification is common C. Osseous deformity may be accentuated by pathologic fractures D. Involvement of the distal segment of the humerus is typical
D. Involvement of the distal segment of the humerus is typical