Mouth, Tongue, Salivary glands Flashcards
Main Muscle of the Lips?
- Orbicularis Oris: Sphincter muscle, makes up bulk of both lips.
- Function: Speak, whistle, kiss
Main Muscle of the Cheek?
- Buccinator: lies inferior to obicularis oris
- Function: Compresses/empties the vestibule food while chewing
- Pierced by duct of parotid gland
Main Cranial nerves innv. the face?
- CN 5 Trigeminal
- CN 7 Facial (5 nerves)
What 5 nerves make up CN 7?
Two Zebras Bit My Cat
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- M. Mandibular
- Cervical
What makes up oral cavity proper?
- Hard palate
- Uvula
- Palaglossus muscle
- Palatine aponeurosis of soft palate
What makes up the Roof of Mouth?
- Hard palate
- Soft palate
- Uvula
What makes up the floor of the mouth?
- Lower lip
- Tongue (fungiform front, filiform middle, vallate back)
- Oropharynx
Lateral & Anterior Teeth
- Lower (front to back): 4 Incisors, 2 canines, 2 premolars, 3 molars
- Upper (front to back): same as lower
Posterior border of mouth
- Oropharyngeal isthmus
- Palatoglossal fold
- Pharynx
What are the extrinsic muscles of the Tongue?
- Genioglossus:Most inferior function for protrusion (clear airway during CPR)
- Hyoglossus: attached to genioglossus on sides-function if for depression
- Palatoglossus: retraction
- Styloglossus: elevation
Angiooedema?
- Vascular leakage beneath the dermis mediated by vasoactive mediators (histamine, serotonin, kinins)
- Complications involve dysphonia, dysphagia, respiratory distress.
- “Swollen tongue”
What are the salivary glands?
- Parotid (largest gland, sits on top masseter muscle & penetrates buccinator)
- Submandibular (ducts under tongue median)
- Sublingual (ducts under tongue lateral)
Parotid sialogram?
-Xray of parotid gland that may reveal swelling at the upper 2nd molar through buccinator muscle.
Parotiditis?
Mumps = enlarged salivary glands
What parts make up the mandible?
- Coronoid process anterior sup. portion & Ramus makes up the body
- Condylar process posterior sup. portion
Tempromandibular Joint?
- Forward movement (protrusion) @ upper joint
- Hinge movement (depression) @ lower joint
- Lateral pterygoid muscle (helps in chewing and lowering mandible)
- Depression/opening = Passive
Muscles of Mastication?
- Temporalis (fan shaped) originates in temporal fossa
- Inserts on coronoid process
- Elevates/retracts mandibles
Muscles of Mastication?
- Masseter
- Origin: Zygomatic arch superior
- Inserts: Angle of mandible inferior
- Function: Elevates & retracts mandible
Muscles of Mastication?
- Pterygoid muscles
- 2 heads
- Medial: elevates, protracts & laterally displaces
- Lateral: Depresses & protracts
Trigeminal nerve
- CN 5
- Ophthalmic V1 (superior)
- Maxillary V2 (middle)
- Mandibular V3 (inferior)
TMJ dislocation
- Yawning or blow to open mouth
- When placing mandible back in place caution w/ Facial nerve CN 7 anteriorly
Pharynx
- Located posterior to oral cavity
- Nasopharynx (superior)
- Oropharynx (Medial)
- Laryngopharynx (inferior)
Waldeyer’s ring
- Ring of Lymphoid tissue in Oropharynx
- Fist line of Defense
1. Lingual tonsels (attached to post. tongue)
2. Pharyngeal tonsils (Lateral sides)
3. Adenoids (superior/roof)
4. Tubal tonsils (studs or holes in tissue medial)
Inflammed adenoids
-Cause eustachian tube blockage & oitis media (infection middle ear)
