Mouth, Tongue and Larynx Flashcards
What salivary gland is found in the floor of the mouth?
the sublingual gland
the submandibular gland has a deep portion that curls up over the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle too
How do the ducts of the sublingual gland differ from those of the parotid and submandibular glands?
WHile the parotid and submandibular glands have one large duct, the sublingual gland is drainedby about 10-20 minor ducts emptying direclty through the mucosal membrane
Where does the submandibular duct empty into the oral cavity?
It opens at the sublingual caruncle at the vase of the frenulum of the tongue on each side
What is the relationship of the submandibular duct to the lingual nerve?
The submandibular duct crosses over the lingual nerve on its way to the sublingual caruncle
What functional components are associated with the lingual nerve after it is joined by the chorda tympani?
- carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the submandivular and sublingual glands
contains taste fibers
What is the relationship of the hypoglossal nerve to the hypoglossus muscle?
The hypoglossal nerve runs lateral to the hypoglossus muscle
What type of villi are found on the tongue?
Filiform - most numerous
fungiform - scattered among the filiform, broader
Vallate (circumvallate) - arrange in a V-shaped row pointing posteriorly near back of the oral part with foramen cecum at the apex
With which villi are taste buds associated?
vallate ?
What nerv supplies the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
hypoglossal (does all except the palatoglossus - innervated by the vagus)
What blood vessel supplies the tongue?
lingual artery off the external carotid.
(branches to the tongue include the dorsal lingual, sublingual, and deep lingual)
What is the significance of the lymphatic drainage from the central portion of the tongue?
It drains bilaterally!
this eans metastatic involvment from a primary tongue malignancy will go to both sides
What nerves are involved in innervation for taste and general sensation from the anterior two-thirds and the posterior one-third of the tongue?
Anterior 2/3: taste from fibers of CN7 that course int he chorda tympani to join the lingual nerve; sensory from lingual nerve of V3
Posterior 1/3: taste and sensory from the glossopharyngeal and some from the vagus
What structure is responsible for “tongue-tie” or ankyloglossia?
What important function is served by the genioglossus muscle?
It is what protrudes the tongue
if it’s paralyzed, the tongue will fall back and block the airway
(this is why airways need to be established when pt is under general anesthesia)
What nerves innervate the tongue and what would occur with loss of innervation by one or both motor nerves?
The hypoglossal nerve supplies motor innervation to all of the tongue muscles escept the palatoglossus, which is supplied by the vagus
if you lose motor innervation on one side, the muscles will be paralyzed and atropy
when the patient sticks their tongue out, it will deviate TOWARDS the affected side in this peripheral damage
Why do patients with angina pectoris place nitroglycerin pills under the tongue?
Drugs ccan be absorbed into the deep lingual veins very quickly when placed under the tongue - in under a minute
Based on the lymphatic drainage of the tongue, how do lingual tumors metastasize?
tumors from the anterior and posterior tonuge will metastasize to the submental, submandibular and superior deep cervical lymph nodes on the same side as the cancer
tumors from the central part of the tongue can metastasize to obht sides of the neck causing widspread metastatic involvement
What cartilages compose the larynx?
Thyroid cartilage
cricoid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage
corniculate and cuneiform
WHat cartilage forms the laryngeal prominence?
the thyroid cartilage
(adam’s apple)
