Motor speech theory

Question 1

Define motor speech disorder

Answer 1

Speech disorders resulting from neurologic impairments affecting the motor planning, programming, control, or execution of speech

Question 2

Define apraxia of speech

Answer 2

Neurological impairment impacting the retrieval and activation of motor plans and programs for speech

Question 3

Define dysarthria

Answer 3

Neurological impairment impacting the control and execution of movements for speech production, usually multiple sub-systems affected

Question 4

Difference between motor plan and program

Answer 4

Motor plan = what to do
Motor program = how to accomplish plan

Question 5

Role of control circuits and associated dysarthrias

Answer 5

Motor control - Integrate, coordinate and help control structures and pathways involved in motor performance (direct and indirect pathways) - voluntary movements for speech are mediated and integrated through activities of the basal ganglia and cerebellum
Ataxic, hypokinetic and hyperkinetic dysarthria

Question 6

Role of corticobular tract and associated dysarthrias

Answer 6

Execution - LMNs controlled by UMNs pathways and control circuits, AKA final common pathway - execute commands and convert programs into muscular activity
Spastic (bilateral UMN) and flaccid (LMN) dysarthria