Motor screen & PNF interventions Flashcards
when performing a gross screen of strength and ROM, what are you really looking for?
are they able to perform other aspects of examination activites
in a pt who demonstrates weakness, what is the primary impairment and what is the secondary impairment?
primary: paresis (partial weakness) / plegia (absence of muscle strength)
secondary: muscle atrophy due to neurologic injury
stroke patients demonstrate significant changes in ______ _______ due to altered _______ ______ and decreased motor unit firing rates
muscle performance
recruitment patterns
what is the protocol/flow for the motor screen?
- stabilize trunk w/ body supported in supine or sitting w/ assist
- AROM
- AAROM - pt w/ paresis may require gravity eliminated position or facilitation
- perform at all joints UE and LE
what is active restraint (insufficiency)?
presence of abnormal co-activation, spasticity, and abnormal posturing may alter the patient’s ability to perform isolated joint movements
what is passive restraint (insufficiency)?
muscle and soft tissue changes due to contracture
what are PT considerations when performing a motor screen?
consider movement capabilities
muscle substitutions/compensations
use functional activities
make sure to include these 5 things when documenting that you performed a motor screen on your patient:
- laterality & objective MMT grade
- position
- quality of movement or need for facilitation
- any observed synergy or muscle substitution
- functional movements tested
qualitative documentation will also include: (6)
- type and degree of changes present
- symmetrical or asymmetrical
- distal or proximal
- description of effects of muscle weakness on active movements, posture, and function
- UMN or LMN
- presence of atrophy
PNF technique has an emphasis on patterns of movement to promote _________ vs. __________
recovery of function (restoration) vs. compensation
which element of PNF matches the following descriptions:
- enhances contraction and motor control, increases strength, and aids motor learning
- response to stimulation spreads to adjacent muscles working in synergistic patterns
- increases responses and guides movements
- important for control of motion
- promote normal timing and activation of muscles to assist in the facilitation of synergistic movement
- resistance
- irradiation and reinforcement
- manual contact
- body position and body mechanics
- timing
which element of PNF matches the following descriptions:
- provide direction for movements and play a role in motor learning
- use of ____ guides movement and plays a role in motor learning
- compression force applied to joints stimulates nerves and facilitates extensor muscles and stabilizing patterns
- distraction force applied to joints stimulates nerves and facilitates flexor muscle mobilizing patterns
- verbal cues
- vision
- approximation
- traction
what is the optimal patient position for PNF?
neutral alignment
maximal postural stability
enhance muscle contraction
what is the optimal therapist position for PNF?
directly in line with desired motion
use body to resist - enhance therapist control, reduces fatigue, protects against injury
what are manual contacts used for with PNF?
guiding movement
provide resistance
use lumbrical grip
enhance kinesthetic awareness and muscle contraction
how should you use verbal cueing with PNF?
clear, concise, well timed
preparatory, action, corrective cueing
improves motor learnin
what is a D2 pattern?
UE
flex/abd/ER
ext/add/IR
what is a D1 pattern?
UE
flexion/add/ER
ext/abd/IR
what is normal timing for:
- trunk?
- extremities?
proximal to distal
distal to proximal
optimal resistance with PNF facilitates _____
muscle contraction
what approximation?
what does it ensure?
compression of joints
ensure all joints are properly aligned
what is traction?
what does it facilitate?
elongation of joint
facilitate muscle response
what is irradiation?
- facilitation?
- inhibition?
spread of response to stimulation
- contraction
- relaxation
what is reinforcement?
to strengthen
