week 4: sensory examination & reflex integrity screen

Question 1

2 main spinal pathways (afferent):

Answer 1

Anterolateral Spinothalamic
Dorsal column-medial leminscus (DCML)

Question 2

Nondiscrimitive/crude touch, pain, temperature
more primitive system

Answer 2

anterolateral
spinothalamic

Question 3

Precise location, discriminative touch (localized)

Answer 3

Dorsal column-medial leminscus (DCML)

Question 4

Is the following statement True or False?
Are both Anterolateral Spinothalamic and dorsal column-medial lemniscus (DCML) transmitting sensory information to the brain?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Anterolateral Spinothalamic receives signals from __________,__________,__________ and carry ________ fibers, which are unmyenlinated

Answer 5

mechanoreceptors, nociceptors, and thermoreceptors
C-fibers

Question 6

The DCML receives signals from specialized ________ and carries ______ and _______ fibers, which are myelinated rapidly conducting.

Answer 6

mechanoreceptors; a-beta and a-delta

Question 7

What is the location of the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex:

Answer 7

post-central gyrus (sensory); pre-central cortex (motor)

Question 8

The relative size of body parts represents the amount of sensory input and the importance of sensory information from that body region as it relates to function.

Answer 8

homunculus

Question 9

What are the three divisions of sensory receptors:

Answer 9

superficial
deep
combined (cortical) sensation

Question 10

These sensory receptors receive stimuli from an external environment via skin and subcutaneous tissue:

Answer 10

superficial sensation

Question 11

These sensory receptors receive stimuli from muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and fascia.

Answer 11

deep sensation

Question 12

What are combined cortical sensations?
-examples:

Answer 12

combination of both exteroceptive and proprioceptive receptors
stereognosis, two-point discrimination, tactile localization, recognition of texture, etc.

Question 13

Responds to mechanical deformation of the receptor or surrounding area:

Answer 13

mechanoreceptors

Question 14

Respond to changes in temperature:

Answer 14

thermoreceptors

Question 15

Responds to noxious stimuli and results in the perception of pain:

Answer 15

nociceptors

Question 16

Responds to chemical substances and is responsible for taste, smell, oxygen levels, etc.

Answer 16

Chemorecprtors

Question 17

Respons to light within the visible spectrum:

Answer 17

Phtoic (electromagnetic)

Question 18

Muscle spindle fibers belong to what sensory mechanoreceptors?

Answer 18

deep

Question 19

What are the 5 primary categories for a sensory screen?

Answer 19

Light touch
Pinprick
Temperature
Joint pos. and awareness
Vibration

Question 20

What is the testing order for a sensory exam and why?

Answer 20

1st: Superficial sensations
2nd: Deep (proprioceptive)
3rd: Combined cortical sensation

-if superficial test indicates impairments, more discriminative and combined cortical sensations will also exhibit impairments.

Question 21

Performance considerations:
________ application of stimuli
Performed _______ to ________
________testing over desensitized surface area
Cater ________ cueing for accurate responses

Answer 21

random
distal to proximal
avoid
verbal

Question 22

Grading scale:
normal:
impaired or delayed:
absent:
NT=

Answer 22

2
1
0
not testable

Question 23

Involuntary, predictable, and specific response to a stimulus that is dependent:

Answer 23

reflex

Question 24

Discuss Sensory Exam Elements pptx. (28-45)

Question 25

DTRs are testing only UMN. True or False

Answer 25

False; DTRs test UMN and LMN as well as S & M components

Question 26

DTR test location:
Biceps tendon:
Brachioradialis:
Triceps tendon:
Patelar tendon:
Achilles tendon:

CN Jaw Jerk Test:

Answer 26

C5-C6
C5-C6
C6-C7
L3-L4
S1-S2

CN V3

Question 27

DTRs are increased =
DTRs are decreased =

Answer 27

UMN injury
LMN injury

Question 28

Babinksi and Hoffmans are indicative of UMN or LMN:

Answer 28

UMN