Motor Learning And Coaching Flashcards
What does CSMARTER stand for?
C- Challenging (testing & stretching)
S- Specific (closely defined)
M- Measurable (changes that are recordable)
A- Achievable (within capability)
R- Realistic (relevent)
T- Time framed (achievable time/date)
E- Evaluated (against personal or external standards)
R- Reviewed (debriefed)
What is the structure of a training session?
- Warm up ( preparation)
- Skill development (focus on core skills)
- Fitness (conditioning)
- Culmination (modified or full game play)
- Cool down (restriction of blood flow)
- Recovery (help reduce effects of fatigue)
List the types of physical recovery.
Stretching Hydration and diet Hydrotherapy Massage Compression garments
List the types of mental recovery.
Progressive Muscle relaxation (PMR) Meditation Autogenic training Breathing techniques Mental imagery
Name and explain with an example of the first motor skill.
Motor/ cognitive;
A motor skill is an observable movement involving the muscles that is aimed at achieving a desired outcome.
A cognitive skill in which the ability to think and decide is the desired outcome.
Eg. Running long distance requires both motor and cognitive skills
Name and explain with an example the second motor skill.
Open and closed skills;
An open skill occurs in an unstable, unpredictable environment where conditions are constantly changing. The demands of the skill vary depending on the requirements of the game.
Eg. An outdoor tennis player
A closed skill occurs in a stable, predictable environment where conditions stay the same. Demands and requirements of the activity are known and can be practiced.
Eg. Archery or volleyball in they gym
Name and explain with an example the third motor skill.
Gross and fine;
A fine motor skill requires delicate muscle movements to perform a refined action
Eg. Badminton short serve
A gross motor skill is conserned with the movement of the large muscle groups in order to complete a major movement action.
Eg. Running
Name and explain with an example the fourth motor skill.
Descrete, continuous and serial;
Descrete has a clearly defined beginning and end point.
Eg. A golf swing, soccer kick, archery
Continuous it is impossible to see exactly where the skill begins and ends.
Eg. Running a marathon
Serial require a sequence of steps or motor movements to complete a task.
Eg. Bowling in cricket.
What is the cognitive phase? Provide an example.
- mental picture of what to do and the basic movement patterns.
- visual demonstration
- performer at this stage has very little ability to detect what went right and what went wrong.
- feedback must be immediate and uncomplicated
Eg, a tennis player being shown how to serve. Hits it wrong and doesn’t know why.
What is the associative phase? Provide and example.
- the trial and error stage
- the coach observes the success of the performance
- internal feedback becomes important
Eg, a tennis player serving the ball beings to understand how to improve.
What is the Autonomous phase? Provide and example.
- refined the skill so that the established motor program is automatic no conscious thought
- generally has a high degree of consistency and accuracy. With the ability to repeat the performance time and time again.
Eg. An autonomous tennis player is able to focus on the position of her opponent as well as the surrounding environment.
Name and provide and example of each type of cue that improves a performance.
Visual- hand signals, video analysis
Verbal- question & answer, coach team talks
Proprioceptive- sensors from the body, movement of the body and internal forces
What is input in the information processing model?
Senses pick up information on the opponent (stage 1)
Eg. Seeing your opposition has played a bad backhand over head clear.
What is decision making in the information processing model?
Deciding what shot I am going to play (stage 2)
Eg. Smashing a poor backhand overhead clear.
What is output in the information processing model?
Physically doing your deciding shot (stage 3)
Eg. Physically smashing the shattle
What is feedback in the information processing model?
Was it successful? Did the opponent return the shot? (Stage 4)
What is whole practice?
Practicing the entire movement in one effort. (Full version)
What is part practice?
When only a small section of the skill is worked on at any one time. A (Particular skill)
Eg. Basketball shooting, a modified game
What is progressive part practice?
Shaping- involves the use of simplified or incomplete version of the skill for initial learning, with subsequent addition of the missing components.
Eg. Volleyball set, working on fingers action, then arms then legs.
Chaining- the breaking down of a skill into its component parts and teaching and practicing each part.
Eg. Triple jump, runup, take off, hop, step, jump, landing
What are the two types of feedback?
Intrinsic (inherent) - persons own sensory system. Eg. Shot put.
Extrinsic (augmented) - someone or something external to the person
What are some forms of feedback?
- Terminal; feedback given after a game or skill, eg. Full time
- concurrent; feedback given during the game, eg. Half time
- verbal; spoken feedback, eg. Feedback from coach or audience
- visual; feedback that is seen, eg. A video with game on it
What is the purpose of feedback?
- reinforcing the good; eliminating the bad
- feedback as a motivation (eg. Being positive instead of negative)
- feedback as a punishment
Name 3 factors that affect feedback.
- stage of learning
- precision of feedback
- timing and frequency of feedback
List the factors affecting skill level.
- age
- energy expenditure (fatigue)
- practice time
- motivation
- focus
- goals
- vision
- knowledge
