Motor impairment Flashcards
Spina Bifida causes
Neural tube defect occurring in utero.
Defect may occur anywhere along the spinal column.
Believed to have genetic and environmental contributors.
Severity of disability varies.
Girls affected at a greater rate than boys.
75-80% if cases identified in utero at 16 weeks
gestation.
Spina bifida decreased by what substance
folic acid
Spina bifida types
Occulta (mildest)
Cystica (More severe)
Spina bifida occulta
Spinal cord and meninges remain within the vertebral column
Spina bifida cystica
Spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the vertebral arch
Meningocele
Protrusion contains only meninges and CSF
Myelomeningocle
SC protrudes. Most serious.
Percent children with Spina Bifida who experience disability
99%
How soon after birth surgery?
Within 48 hours
Percent children with Spina Bifida develop hydrocephalus
85-90%
Cognition Spina Bifida
Learning and language difficulties, no intellectual deficit
Muscular distrophy
Progressive muscle weakness and atrophy.
Genetic mutation that is X-linked recessive.
Progressive disorder; death typical in late adolescence or early adulthood from co-morbid respiratory infections or cardiorespiratory failure.
Typical motor development first year; hypotonia and poor head control first signs.
Mild intellectual impairments common
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
Progressive muscle weakness and atrophy; also see hypotonia and absence of tendon reflexes.
Genetic disorder that is autosomal recessive
Classified based on age on onset, severity of symptoms and length of survival.
Type I most severe-Type III least severe.
Normal intellectual capacity and sensory abilities.
Developmental coordination disorder
Learning based, significantly delayed failure to meet motor milestones.
Percent affected by DCD
5-6% school aged children
