Mobility

Question 1

Functional mobility

Answer 1

Moving from one position or place to another (bed mobility, transfers, etc), performing functional ambulation, and transporting objects.

Question 2

Developmental theory of mobility

Answer 2

Progression of physical and psychological capacities are interconnected and early experiences influence subsequent behavior (560). motor skills, vision, auditory capacities, and proprioception–> explore the environment and interacting with others –>interactions cognitive, social, sensory, motor abilities, and a child’s sense of self grows.

Question 3

Primitive Reflexes

Answer 3

Appear at birth, Integrated by 6 months

Question 4

Spasticity

Answer 4

increased resistance to passive movement, just in antagonist (Damage to upper motor neurons)

Question 5

Rigidity

Answer 5

increased tone in agonist and antagonist (Any direction) (Damage to upper motor neurons, basal ganglia and brainstem)

Question 6

Flaccidity

Answer 6

Lack of muscle tone and limited to no response. Can lead to subluxation and hypermobility. (damage lower motor neurons)

Question 7

Obligatory response

Answer 7

The movement is dominated by reflex that should be integrated

Question 8

Self-initiated mobility

Answer 8

Actions done by individual’s choice

Question 9

Gross Motor Function Classification System, Level I

Answer 9

Walks without limitations

Question 10

Gross Motor Function Classification System, Level II

Answer 10

Walks with limitations

Question 11

Gross Motor Function Classification System, Level III

Answer 11

Walks using a hand-held mobility device

Question 12

Gross Motor Function Classification System, Level IV

Answer 12

Self-mobility with limitations; may use powered mobility

Question 13

Gross Motor Function Classification System, Level V

Answer 13

Transported in a manual wheelchair

Question 14

Acute care OT responsibilities

Answer 14

Appraisal, interventions for immediate needs, and assistance in transition planning or discharge

Question 15

Acute Care assessments

Answer 15

FIM and Wee-FIM II (6 months - 7 years)

PEDI-CAT (7-21 years)

Question 16

Term for dependent children discharging home

Answer 16

“inter-reliance”

Question 17

primary goal in acute care

Answer 17

Preventing secondary disability and restoring performance

Question 18

primary prevention

Answer 18

Efforts that decrease the likelihood of accidents, violence, or disease for everyone

Question 19

secondary and tertiary prevention

Answer 19

Specific interventions, arrangement of care systems, and environmental modifications to prevent the onset of problems in at-risk populations

Question 20

prevention measures in acute care

Answer 20

Positioning, prevention of aspiration, provision of orientation, reduce stresses, prevent self-injury, complications from immobilization, abnormal muscle tone

Question 21

Neuromuscular and musculoskeletal complications tx

Answer 21

Maintain or regain normal ROM
Handling techniques
slow stretch and joint mobilization 
Positioning and splinting techniques
Improve movement and strength through play

Question 22

Musculoskeletal and lower motor neuron unit disorders tx

Answer 22

progressive exercise and activity routines

Question 23

Wound healing and protection of insensate skin

Answer 23

Apply care, monitor skin, prevent pressure ulcers, help develop tolerance to new position or orthotics

Question 24

Prevention emphasis

Answer 24

Programs ensure safety w/ physical activities and handling objects

Question 25

TBI -> perceptual, cog, and beh impairment tx

Answer 25

environmental modifications
compensation for disorientation and memory loss, least restrictive environment, create a stimulating and more comforting environment
when child is more alert, may use an educational approach alongside behavioral interventions, inform of rules and post them - maintain boundaries, daily orientation programs and memory books ease burden of confusion, teach family about perceptual and cognitive impairments, create programs to help ensure orientation, safety, and comfort

Question 26

Resuming and Restoring Occupational Performance (2nd level of priority)

Answer 26

Prevent dependent behavior, early emphasis on choices, AD or modifications, learning of new performance methods, instructional aids, restoration of lost skills and function (biomechanical and sensorimotor techniques) therapeutic activities, exercise
splinting, positioning, facilitation of movement
use of biomedical devices (estim) modalities,
Perceptual-cognitive and rehabilitative approaches, Adapting ADLs, joint protection, work simplification

Question 27

ICU OT

Answer 27

Eval and treat at bedside, immobility can lead to contractures, generalized weakness w/ decreased endurance, cardiopulmonary compromise, maintain strength and enhance functional capacities, positioning and orthotics preserve ROM and prevent deformity, communicate plan of wear, sensory concerns

Question 28

Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Units recommendations

Answer 28

Chronic nature of illness, may see child inpatient and outpatient or coordinate care across services, working when energy is highest, OT must be aware of stages during transplantation process and strictly adhere to precautions

Question 29

Neutropenia

Answer 29

abnormally low count of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that helps fight off infections, particularly those caused by bacteria and fungi.

Question 30

Oncology OT interventions

Answer 30

May include strengthening, ROM, endurance, resuming ADLs, feeding, or play

Question 31

OT tx for graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD)

Answer 31

Stretching, extremity weight bearing, & general endurance improve function w/ GVHD

Question 32

CP

Answer 32

Umbrella term for a form of brain damage that occurs in children before, during, or shortly after birth

Question 33

Acute rehab needs met (3)

Answer 33

• organize and implement planned approach for management of recovery and rehab of children post-trauma or with rapid-onset disorders
• redirect care after onset of complications in children with chronic disorders
• provide environment for specialized medical or surgical procedures that involves specific care regimens and protocols

Question 34

Leading cause of death and disability in children over 1year

Answer 34

Injuries

Question 35

Purpose of inpatient rehab

Answer 35

optimize recovery
prevent complications
organize and implement an approach to initial and long-term management that optimizes function in family and community life

Question 36

Focus of outpatient rehab (3)

Answer 36

• health status and development
• emphasizing functional progress
• participation in home, school, and community activities

Question 37

OT is typically for what purposes (3) outpatient

Answer 37

• part of diagnostic assessment
• provide needed intervention and AT after hospital discharge
• provide intervention for individuals w/ disabilities or other medical conditions not requiring hospitalization

Question 38

OT functions in Acute Care

Answer 38

primary focus: ADLs IADLs, education, and community participation
Development of goals w/ child, family, and care team
Prevention of problems associated with illness/trauma/disability

Question 39

Altered mental status interventions:

Answer 39

help establish routine
provide purposeful activities to facilitate cognitive, psychosocial, and motor functions
positive social interaction and use of entertainment & play activities may be especially helpful for reducing stress & promoting engagement of young children