Motor Functioning Flashcards
What is the role of the posterior parietal cortex in motor control?
Involved in sensation necessary for movement
What four cortical regions are involved in movement?
Posterior parietal cortex, prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, primary motor cortex
What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in motor control?
Involved in the planning, initiation, and inhibition of movement
What is the role of the premotor cortex in motor control?
Coordination of individual movements into a smooth sequence
What is the role of the primary motor cortex in motor control?
Production of basic movements
Where is the primary motor cortex located?
Adjacent to the anterior central sulcus
The inputs of which two structures converge in the primary motor cortex?
Basal ganglia and premotor cortex
Where is the main origin of the pyramidal neurons?
Primary motor cortex
What does the fact that a single upper motor neuron synapses with multiple lower motor neurons suggest?
That cortical (upper) motor neurons control movements, not individual muscles
What information do premotor neurons code for?
The direction of the target of movement
What is Brodmann area 4?
Primary motor cortex
What is Brodmann area 6?
Premotor cortex
What areas does the premotor cortex receive input from?
The parietal lobe (multi-sensory) and prefrontal cortex (motivation and intention)
When do lateral premotor neurons tend to start firing?
Once an external cue appears, prior to the initiation of movement
What do lateral premotor neurons seem to code for?
Intentions and selection of movements
Where is Broca’s area located?
Inferior premotor area
What structure is located in Brodmann area 44 & 45?
Broca’s area
Medial premotor neurons initiate movements that are __________.
self-initiated
What do lesions of the medial premotor cortex cause?
Reduction of spontaneous motor behavior
What type of movements cause mirror neurons to fire?
Goal-oriented (“purposeful”) movements
What structure is required to initiate goal-oriented, purposeful movement?
Prefrontal cortex
What structure is required for the inhibition of irrelevant or inappropriate behavior?
Prefrontal cortex
