Motor Development Theories Flashcards
Who came up with “Nature” Theory?
Gessell
Who came up with “Nurture” theory?
Skinner
Who did the Jimmy and Johnny study?
McGraw
Who founded “function specific vs. mm specific”?
Bernstein
Who finally got it right with Dynamical Systems theory?
Esther Thalen
what theory emphasizes genetics and heredity?
nature
what theory emphasizes experiences and environment
nuture
what did the Jimmy and Johnny study report?
that more PA or did not lead to earlier milestones, however it did predispose Johnny to be better at PA stuff later in life than Jimmy…
Which theory believes measuring age of motor milestones is the best assessment of a childs development?
nature
which theory likes CNS and reflexes as the main way children begin to develop motor tasks
nature
which theory do neural maturationists believe
nature
what is the cognitive theory of development?
States that children develop because of their environment, through learning, and through reinforcement
Under which umbrella does the cognitive theory belong?
nuture
what does the Dynamic systems theory state?
that children develop through complex interactions between the brain (learning, motivation), the body (muscles, spinal cord, cpgs, etc.) and the environment
Which theory states that development is linear and occurs in a predictable pattern?
Neural maturation theory “nature”
Which theory states that learning through trial and error within one’s environment drives development?
Cognitive theory “nuture”
What theory states that quality of movement is very important?
neural maturation
which theory states that all milestones must be met in the correct order. For example, one MUST crawl before walking…
Neural maturation
What theory focuses their interventions on righting and equilibrium reactions?
Neural maturationists
Task, sensorimotor, mechanical and cognitive are the 4 subsystems that come together to create movement according to which theory?
Dynamical Systems theory
According to neuronal maturation theory, there are two types of neurons, what are they?
neurons that are formed by genetic code and neurons that are formed via experiences
What is the “sensitive period” of neural development?
The time after birth of rapid neuronal synapse development. this period is experience dependent. The child’s brain learns to strengthen neuronal synapses that they use the most and are most beneficial and efficient for them.
