Motor Development Theories

Question 1

Who came up with “Nature” Theory?

Answer 1

Gessell

Question 2

Who came up with “Nurture” theory?

Answer 2

Skinner

Question 3

Who did the Jimmy and Johnny study?

Answer 3

McGraw

Question 4

Who founded “function specific vs. mm specific”?

Answer 4

Bernstein

Question 5

Who finally got it right with Dynamical Systems theory?

Answer 5

Esther Thalen

Question 6

what theory emphasizes genetics and heredity?

Answer 6

nature

Question 7

what theory emphasizes experiences and environment

Answer 7

nuture

Question 8

what did the Jimmy and Johnny study report?

Answer 8

that more PA or did not lead to earlier milestones, however it did predispose Johnny to be better at PA stuff later in life than Jimmy…

Question 9

Which theory believes measuring age of motor milestones is the best assessment of a childs development?

Answer 9

nature

Question 10

which theory likes CNS and reflexes as the main way children begin to develop motor tasks

Answer 10

nature

Question 11

which theory do neural maturationists believe

Answer 11

nature

Question 12

what is the cognitive theory of development?

Answer 12

States that children develop because of their environment, through learning, and through reinforcement

Question 13

Under which umbrella does the cognitive theory belong?

Answer 13

nuture

Question 14

what does the Dynamic systems theory state?

Answer 14

that children develop through complex interactions between the brain (learning, motivation), the body (muscles, spinal cord, cpgs, etc.) and the environment

Question 15

Which theory states that development is linear and occurs in a predictable pattern?

Answer 15

Neural maturation theory “nature”

Question 16

Which theory states that learning through trial and error within one’s environment drives development?

Answer 16

Cognitive theory “nuture”

Question 17

What theory states that quality of movement is very important?

Answer 17

neural maturation

Question 18

which theory states that all milestones must be met in the correct order. For example, one MUST crawl before walking…

Answer 18

Neural maturation

Question 19

What theory focuses their interventions on righting and equilibrium reactions?

Answer 19

Neural maturationists

Question 20

Task, sensorimotor, mechanical and cognitive are the 4 subsystems that come together to create movement according to which theory?

Answer 20

Dynamical Systems theory

Question 21

According to neuronal maturation theory, there are two types of neurons, what are they?

Answer 21

neurons that are formed by genetic code and neurons that are formed via experiences

Question 22

What is the “sensitive period” of neural development?

Answer 22

The time after birth of rapid neuronal synapse development. this period is experience dependent. The child’s brain learns to strengthen neuronal synapses that they use the most and are most beneficial and efficient for them.