motor control and learning Flashcards
Motor control + motor learning + motor development =
functional movement (motor skill)
Motor control
example
time needed
something you know how to do because you have done it before it does not require thought
plugging in a computer
milliseconds
Motor learning
example
time needed
something you do not know how to do that you will learn through practice
juggling
hours, days, weeks
Motor development
time needed
changes development in movement over time
months, decades, years
Functional movement
things done everyday without thought to achieve a specific purpose or goal
Functional movement is based on 3 things
individual, task, environment
3 elements of the task
3 elements of individual
2 elements of environment
mobility, stability, manipulation
cognition, action, perception
regulatory, non-regulatory
The 3 elements of the individual are…..
they must be
neurological structures and properties
in tact / on task to complete and make adjustments
Motor control from a neurological perspective is defined as
The process by which the CNS receives, integrates, assimilates sensory info with past experiences for planning and executing appropriate motor and postural responses
Movement is organized around the individuals ability to
meet both task and environmental demands
When walking and talking which one is automatic
walking
The motor systems generate 3 types of movements
reflexes, rhythmic motor patterns, voluntary movements
Rhythmic motor patterns combine features of …
once voluntarily initiated they can become _____
voluntary and reflex control
automatic
Reflexes are the _____ motor control
least affected by
simplest, least affected by voluntary control
Voluntary movements are _____ and _____
They are learning and require ….
example
purposeful and goal oriented
progressively less conscious control
an assembly line
Motor control levels
cortex, brain stem, spinal cord
The protective reflex
withdrawal reflex
Function of vestibulospinal tract
influence muscle tone, reflexive postural adjustments of head and body
Examples of the spinal cord motor level of control
withdrawal reflex, crossed extensor reflex, CPGs
The primary responsibility of the ……. is to control the voluntary movement of contralateral limbs
this is _____ control
lateral corticospinal tract
brainstem
Initiates adjustments that stabilize posture during ongoing movement
reticulospinal tract
Tectospinal tract function
visual tracking and orientation of head during movement
Vestibulospinal, reticulospinal, and tectospinal fascilitate
extension > flexion
Regulates movement and posture by facilitating stability in some areas and allowing refined mobility in other areas to produce functional movement
Basal ganglia
