Gentile's Taxonomy Flashcards

1
Q

Three memory systems serve distinct types of information

examples

A

Emotional - remembering feeling elated
Declarative - recalling what happened yesterday
Procedural - knowing how to ride a bike

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2
Q

Amygdala emotions

A

fear, uncertainty

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3
Q

Declarative memory involves

A

facts, events, concepts, location

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4
Q

Short term memory comes from
Long term

A

hippocampus
cerebral cortex

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5
Q

Motor learning is from which type of memory

A

procedural

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6
Q

Procedural memory involves

This comes from the

A

skilled movement habits

frontal cortex, thalamus, BG

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7
Q

Associative stage of learning components

A

-movement refined, decrease in mm activation
-decrease in need for attention

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7
Q

Motor control involves what 3 things

A

task, individual, env

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8
Q

3 stages of the learner

A

cognitive (the beginner)
associative
automatic/autonomous

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9
Q

Cognitive stage of learning components

A

-trying to understand the task and how it works
-excess mm activation
-observation and feedback (external and internal)

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10
Q

Automatic/Autonomous stage of learning components

A

-development of skill
-minimal attention required
-can dual task (walk and talk)

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11
Q

Biomechanical regulatory conditions

A

ROM, strength

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11
Q

Conditions which must occur for a task to be successful

what are they

A

regulatory conditions

biomechanical
neurological
psychological
env
task

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12
Q

Neurological regulatory conditions

A

Information processing needs of the task ; prediction (ex. where to run, not to run into anything), dual tasking

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13
Q

Psychological regulatory conditions

A

readiness, mood, motivation, attention

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14
Q

-Internal processing of the individual- (5)

use of _____ and ____ feedback
regeneration of ___
other 3?

A

extrinsic and intrinsic
motor solution
anticipation and react
generalize to different contexts
solve movement problems

15
Q
  • motor learning, ways to accomplish a task -

blocked vs random

A

B: exact same thing in the same way every time
R: sequence is random

16
Q
  • motor learning, ways to accomplish a task -

part / whole practice example

A

one cycle of gait vs entire gait cycle

17
Q
  • motor learning, ways to accomplish a task -

open vs closed

A

O: multiple ways to do it
C: only one way to do it

18
Q

Which is typically better random or blocked practice?

A

Random, shows better retention

18
Q
  • motor learning, ways to accomplish a task -

discrete vs continuous example

A

D: stepping up and down a step
C: riding bike (no good place to start or stop)

19
Q

Whole vs part learning compare contrast

A

W: good for simple task, gives learner experience of how skill feels, used to identify technical faults in overall skill
P: good for complex skill, broken down into manageable parts, used to correct technical fault in technique

20
Q
  • motor learning, ways to accomplish a task -

environment- stationary vs moving example

A

Stationary
Moving: standing on a bus, people moving around in a room

21
Q

Regularoty conditions are necessary for PT bc

A

necessary for PT to know to be able to structure practice, can increase or decrease difficulty of task in exercise program

22
Q

Classification of motor skills (3)

A

-size of required musculature
-specificity of where actions begin and end
-stability of env context

23
Q
  • specificity of where actions begin and end -

-arbitrary begin or end
-discrete
-continuous series of discrete

A
  • steering a car, walking, swimming
  • turn on a light, hand to mouth, sit to stand
  • typing sentence, dimming light, eating
23
Q
  • Size of required musculature -

-gross motor skills require large mm
-small
-large and small

A

-walking hopping jumping
-texting writing buttoning
- pitching ball shooting arrow

24
Q
  • stability of env context (supporting surface, objects, other people) -

-open motor skill (moving)
-closed motor skills (stationary)

A
  • driving, catching a thrown ball, walking on a crowded sidewalk
  • picking up a cup, writing, shooting a free throw
25
Q
  • stability of env context (supporting surface, objects, other people) -

Externally paced
Internally paced

Unpredictable
Predictable

A

moving
stationary

high monitoring (constant)
low to no monitoring (variable)

26
Q

Influences on motor learning for the individual

env

skill/task

A

stage of learner, internal processing

stationary or moving, open or closed

open or closed, discrete or continuous

27
Q

Purpose of Gentile’s Taxonomy

A

-captures complexity of motor skills
-considers environmental context and function of the action/task/skill

28
Q

A classification system organized according to relationships among the component characteristic of the group of items being classified

A

Taxonomy

29
Q

Body stable
Body transport

A

-no movement
-body is moving in relationship to the env

30
Q

First dimension of G TAX

A

ENV

31
Q

Second dimension of G TAX

A

ACTION/TASK/SKILL