Motivational Interviewing

Question 1

It focuses on exploring and resolving ambivalence and centers on the motivational process that facilitates change, and is based on three key elements:-

Answer 1

Collaboration (rather than confrontation)
Evocation (drawing out rather than imposing ideas)
Autonomy (rather than authority)

Question 2

There are four principles of MI:-

Answer 2

Express empathy (see it from the client perspective)
Support self-efficacy (be positive and recognise previous successes and strengths)
Roll with resistance (be impartial and avoid conflict)
Develop discrepancy (help client see the discrepancy between current circumstances and future goals)

Question 3

MI involves the use of micro counseling skills called OARS

Answer 3

O - Open ended questions
A - Affirmations (statements recognising clients strengths)
R - Reflections
S - Summaries

Question 4

Change talk

Answer 4

Change talk is defined as statements by the client that reveals consideration of, motivation for, or commitment to change. In MI the therapist aims the guide the client to expression of change talk.

Types of change talk can be remembered by the mnemonic DARN-CAT

D - Desire (to change)
A - Ability (client recognising they can change)
R - Reason (client understands why change is needed)
N - Need (client believes they need to change)

C - Commitment (client intends to change)
A - Activation (client is ready, prepared and willing to change)
T - Taking steps (client is taking steps towards change)