Motivation Theories Flashcards
Who is FW Taylor
American engineer and management consultant
Focused on efficiency and productivity
Approach to management based on:
Measurement of what can be done better and how
Monitoring to ensure targets are met
Control through analysis
What motivates us to work harder
More money
Enjoyment
Empowerment- make your own decisions
Teamwork
Promotion
Taylor’s approach to management and motivation
Work study
Identify
Train
Reward
Implications of Taylorism
Managers should maintain close control and supervision over their employees
Autocratic style of manegment and leadership
Motivate workers using piece rate payment pay based on how much they produce
Maslow-hierarchy needs
Maslow’s theory was that we all have a pyramid of needs.
• We start by meeting our needs at the bottom for example; food, water, shelter
• We then look for a secure job to meet our safety needs
• We then look for teamwork and a social job
• We then look for responsibility and promotion
• Then when all these needs are met we start to self actualise, which is where we reach our potential
Self actualisation needs
This is the top of the pyramid
• We only rise to this level of needs once
we have fulfilled all the others
• At this level we are; creative spontaneous, problem solving, accepting of our circumstances, in a challenging job, inspiring others, and highly engaged with our work environment
Esteem needs
At this level we have the psychological need for the respect of others
• We seek independence, recognition, honour, status and responsibility
• We want to feel important at work and feel that we are vital to a business
Love/belonging needs
At this point in the hierarchy we seek love and friendship
• We crave affection and intimacy
• We look to belong to social
groups, clubs, community groups
• We wish to be trusted and accepted in society
Safety needs
At this point in the hierarchy we have the need for safety and security and health
• Safety in terms of having a roof over our head, but it can also mean security of employment
Physiological needs
At the foot of the pyramid is all our basic needs
• The need we have for food, water, warmth and everything else we need for basic life
• If these are not being met we have no interest in joining clubs, actualizing, having a family, falling in love etc.
What is motivation
The strategies that managers use to get the employees to produce to the maximum
Who is Abraham Maslow
An American psychologist
People have 5 sets of needs which come in a particular order
Herzberg- two factor theory
Frederick Herzberg worked in the 1960s, his theories are still studied today.
• He interviewed accountants and engineers to find out what motivated them
• His theory was that employees have motivating factors; interesting work, recognition and personal achievement, responsibility and scope to develop
Herzberg theory
His theory was that employees have motivating factors; interesting work, recognition and personal achievement, responsibility and scope to develop
What is Herzberg theory called
Two factor theory
