Motivation in theory and practice 1.4.4 Flashcards
What is motivation?
The cause of people’s action (why people behave the way they do).
What is motivation theory?
The study of factors that influence the behaviour of people in the work place
What are the 4 motivation theorists?
- F.W.Taylor
- Elton Mayo
- Abraham Maslow
- Frederick Herzberg
What was Taylor’s theory?
People are motivated by money. So he promoted the idea of “a fair days pay for a fair days work”.
Taylors recommendations were:
- extreme division of labour
- payment by piecework
- tight management control
What was Mayo’s theory?
Money and good conditions motivate workers. Place some workers in a light-lit room and others in a dark room.
- Productivity rose in areas where lighting was improved.
- It questioned Taylors theory.
- Recognition, belonging and security are important for motivating.
What was Maslow’s theory?
Everyone has similar motivators, which are all to do with the sense of belonging. Maslows hierarchy of needs follows:
- Physiological
- Safety
- Love/belonging
- Esteem
- Self-actualization
What was Herzberg’s theory?
Motivators and hygiene are mixed to motivate.
Motivator examples:
- sense of achievement
- nature of work
- recognition
- responsibility
- promotion
Hygiene factors?
- working conditions
- supervision
- pay
- interpersonal relationships
- company policy
What are 3 factors to employee engagement?
- Intellectual engagement.
- Effective engagement.
- Social engagement.
What is employee engagement?
Employee is positive about his/her work, thinks hard about how to improve, engaged with fellow employees.
What are the financial incentives to improve employee performance?
- Piecework
- Commission
- Bonus
- Profit share
- Performance - related pay
What is piecework?
Work paid according to the number of units produced.
What is a commission?
A payment to someone who sells goods that is directly related to the amount sold.
What is a bonus?
Paid in addition to the basic wage or salary and connected to meeting a target(s).
What is profit sharing?
The distribution to employees of a percentage of the company’s profits.
What is performance related pay?
A financial reward to employees whose work has reached or exceeded a set standard. The reward is usually determined through the appraisal system.
